PAP1LI0 III. 
Walshii appears in tlie Kanawha Valley (West Va.) from the fifteenth to 
twentieth of March, by which time the peach trees are usually in bloom. On 
these the females may certainly be found, and a little later, on the apple and in 
great numbers on the wild plum. The males appear a few days earlier and are to 
be seen by the water side or upon the road, but rarely upon flowers. The larvae 
feed on the Pawpaw (Asimina triloba, Gray), and as this is one of the latest of our 
trees to put forth its leaves, the butterflies are out at least from two to three weeks 
before the young shoots of the food plant are visible. But no sooner do these ap- 
pear than the females hasten to deposit their eggs. Telamonides begins to fly some 
weeks after Walshii, and both forms in this valley are for a time common. About 
the first of June, Walshii disappears, and before the end of the month Telamonides 
also. I have never seen either later than June save in one instance. In this, Mr. 
Theo. L. Mead captured a newly emerged Telamonides, at Coalburgh, 12th Sept., 
1869. Mr. Mead is an accurate observer, and during several weeks spent with me, 
paid particular attention to this species. Every season I have brought me great 
numbers of butterflies taken in the vicinity, and as no other case of the late 
appearance of these two forms has come to my knowledge, it may be assumed that 
this occurrence of Telamonides was exceptional. 
About 1st of June, Marcellus begins to appear and shortly is out in great 
numbers, continuing to be abundant till last of October. I have seen Marcellus in 
but one instance before last of May, and that was 11th April, 1867, when I myself 
captured a female on the wing, as much out of its season as the Telamonides in 
September. 
I became satisfied in my own mind some years ago that one of these forms was 
the summer or fall brood and the others the spring broods of the same insect, hav- 
ing every year raised many of the larvae, either found on the leaves of the food 
plant, or bred from eggs so found, and the results thus obtained agreeing with out- 
side observations. But however probable it might appear, it was not possible to 
establish the certainty till the missing link could be supplied and one form bred 
from eggs actually laid by another, especially when the appearance of the Marcel- 
lus taken in April and the Telamonides emerged from chrysalis in April, 1868, 
hereafter referred to, furnished strong reasons for doubt.* 
* Note. — It is true that Dr. Morris, in 1862, had stated in his Synopsis, page 9, that Dr. Gray 
considered Ajax and Marcellus to be varieties of the same insect, and added, “ This is now the opinion 
of all the collectors in this country. One of them declares that Ajax is the spring and Marcellus the 
fall brood of the same species.” But no reason for this opinion or proof of the assertion was given, and 
Dr. Morris allowed me to deny the identity of the two species in his appendix, p. 351, without com- 
ment. At best, no one seems to have more than reached an opinion founded in some cases probably on 
facts identical with those afterwards observed by me. 
