P ARNASSIUS I. 
Lakva unknown. 
Found in the Sierra Nevada, Yo Semite Valley and other localities in California. 
Respecting this species, Mr. Henry Edwards writes, “ I have seen Clarius on 
the wing and have taken both sexes. They were flying in a shady canon of the 
Sierras near Donner Lake, alighting frequently, taking short flights and having 
very much the appearance of dirty and worn Pieridce. Their flight is a short, 
jerking motion not unlike many Hesperians and they are easily captured. Clarius 
is a much more common insect than Clodius and seems to have a far wider range. 
I have also seen it in various parts of the Sierra Nevada from near Mt. Shasta down 
to Inyo Co., while Clodius I only know from the specimens collected byMr. Behrens 
at Bodega. Clarius appears to be strictly a mountain insect, being found at as 
high an elevation as 7 500 feet, while Clodius occurs at far lower levels, and even at 
the sea coast.” 
o 
P ARNASSIUS CLODIUS. 5—6. 
Parnassius Clodius , Menetries, Enum. Corp. Anim. Mus. St. Petersb. I. p. 73. 
Male. Expands 3 to 3.5 inches. 
Upper side of both wings cream white, except the outer extremity of primaries 
which is semi-transparent and crossed, as in Clarius, by two rows of white lunules ; 
in the cell two bars, as in that species, but the one on arc broader and at its lower 
extremity sharper, the color of both being a dense black, therein differing noticeably 
from Clarius; a black patch in sub-median interspace; costa and base moderately 
powdered with black scales which extend over nearly one-half the cell. 
Secondaries densely powdered with black from base quite to the extremity of 
the cell ; two nearly round, bright red spots, of equal size, situated as in Clarius, each 
in a broad black ring and usually with a small white pupil ; at anal angle a con- 
spicuous black arc, sometimes wanting. 
Under side vitreous, the black markings as above but paler; the ocelli 
distinct, their pupils enlarged ; at anal angle a red arc edged by black ; at base 
three or four red patches, usually distinct with well defined black edges, but 
occasionally faint without black; these red spots when distinct are visible on 
upper side. 
Body above covered with grey hairs ; abdomen at extremity yellow, be- 
neath yellow brown ; palpi yellow brown ; antennae black. 
Female. Unknown. 
From several males taken at Bodega, Marin Co., California, by Mr. James 
Behrens. 
Having seen but a limited number of Parnassians from California, I had sup- 
posed the insect represented by figs. 5 and 6, on the plate, to be a marked variety 
