ARGYNNIS III. 
and inner margin reddish ; secondaries beneath nearly covered with dense ferrugi- 
nous almost obliterating the hand. 
This species has usually been confounded with Cybele. For a full comparison 
of the two see the preceding paper. 
Aphrodite is common throughout the southern and less elevated parts of New 
England and of Canada, hut also of the mountainous parts of southern New York 
and of Pennsylvania, and is occasionally found in West Virginia and as far west 
as Illinois. Mr. Scudder, in his List of Butterflies of New England, says it is not 
found among the White Mountains, where it is replaced by Atlantis. In the Cats- 
kill Mountains, of New York, it is a very common species, hut not to the exclu- 
sion of Atlantis, which also is tolerably abundant. The males are first seen in 
that region from the 1st to 10th of July and the females about the 15th, flying 
through the open woods and upon the still uncut meadows. In the sunlight the 
red tint, especially of the females, is intense. Something of this is lost in cabinet 
specimens, but it is always sufficiently preserved to show a strong contrast to Cy- 
bele. In the Northern States Aphrodite produces but a single brood. In West 
Virginia, upon the Kanawha River, there are two, in June and September. These 
southern specimens are less brightly colored. I have never seen the larvae, but am 
informed by Mr. D. W. Beadle, of St. Catherines, Canada, that “ they feed upon 
all kinds of wild violet, that they feed at night, but lie concealed during the day 
beneath chips or stones on the ground. In appearance they much resemble the 
larvae of V. Antiopa, and are found early in July.” 
