HIVES FOR BEE-KEEPERS. 
65 
the bee space, by means of the triangular strut {fs), 
which holds the frame { fs) at jin. from the hive side ; 
and to prevent the bees passing to the ear, or lug 
(/, I, A and B), so that the part by which the frame is 
handled may be kept clear of propolis. This substance 
often annoys the bee-keeper greatly, for, in some locali- 
ties, it is gathered in such abundance that frames of 
the usual kind so glue the fingers that work is seriously 
impeded, while the skin is disagreeably stained, even 
after the resinous body has been removed by the 
method explained under Propolis.” 
Fig. 21.— Metal Ends Fitted (Full Size). 
A, Side View— me, Metal End ; ef, End Face of Ditto : ts, Trianp:ular Strut ; tb. 
Top Bar of Frame; I, Lug, or Ear; fs, Frame Side; hs. Hive Side; gr. 
Groove. B, Perspective View of two >Ietal Ends— Lettering as before. 
The rapidity with which these novelties have gained 
favour is perhaps explainable by their possessing the 
last-stated advantage, great in itself, yet, as I venture 
to think, almost the only one with which they can 
be credited, and which may be fully secured, as shown 
at B, Fig. 22, by more simple and less costly means. 
It is certainly claimed that they protect the colony 
during winter, but it is evident that their power of 
retaining the heat the bees generate is at best but 
exceedingly small. Disregarding their considerable 
VOL. II. 
