70 
BEES AND BEE-KEEPING. 
as a consequence, that no propolisation will occur, 
except at the point immediately below a, which does 
not come into contact with the fingers. 
But another advantage may by this form be secured : 
if it be intended to make the frame invertible, the 
perpendicular part of the attached hoop-iron, instead 
of being short, and firmly nailed, is cut rather more 
than half the depth of the frame, the centre of the 
side of which is carefully found and marked, and the 
hole for the screw [s] drilled. The hoop-iron is turned 
up as before, and receives two holes, the first care- 
fully placed, and countersunk, so that, when the screw 
(.S') passes through it, the part b, may stand, as 
previously remarked, on a level with the under side 
of the top bar of the frame. The second hole is to 
receive and loosely pass the pin [p). After the screw 
{s) has adjusted the strap, so far as depth is con- 
cerned, the pin (y>), in the form of a wire nail, is 
driven through the hole made to receive it, until 
fixed firmly in the frame side, when the head is cut 
off, by cutting-pliers, at the external surface of the 
strap. The strap, in virtue of its slight pliability, can 
be immediately lifted off the headless pin. It now 
receives a half rotation on the screw (j-), so that it 
lies along the lower half of the frame side. A second 
wire nail is driven through the vacant hole, and 
decapitated as before. The strap can now be 
returned to its former position, in which the pin, by 
passing through the hole, will retain it. Two straps 
being fixed at the opposite ends make the frame forth- 
with most completely invertible, while, at the same 
time, the holding of it by the ears keeps the straps 
