476 
BEES AND BEE-KEEPING. 
point, but one the importance of which is being ex- 
aggerated, for the time required in raising, turning, 
and re-inserting a comb in a roomy cage is exceed- 
ingly short. The operation of turning in the Raynor 
is managed thus : If one of the two combs lies along 
the line a b, B, the ear of the frame extends up- 
wards, at the angle b. The outer cells having been 
emptied, the ear is revolved in the fingers until the 
comb lies along the line c d, when, as the outer side 
has become the inner, the operation will be com- 
pleted by again rotating the cage. The reversal of 
A, Improved Rapid— cc, Comb-cases ; h, Hinge ; r, r, Revolving Ring of Tinned 
Iron. B, Automatic— sp, Spindle ; p, p, Pivots ; cc, cc, Comb-cases. 
the combs without removal constitutes the main feature 
in Mr. Cowan’s extractors. In the ‘‘ Rapid,” the 
combs are placed in two baskets, or cases, about 2 in- 
wide, and wired on both sides. These are hung, like 
doors, at the angles of a framework cage, and can be 
swung round so as to put either side of the comb 
outwards, which can, in consequence, be freed of honey 
from both sides without removal. This form is much 
improved by substituting a ring of metal (r. A, Fig. ii6) 
for the framework cage ; draught is reduced, and the 
