BEES AND BEE-KEEPING. 
510 
Mr. Heddon has advocated giving foundation, and not 
comb, for a reason now apparent; but Mr. Doolittle^ 
Dr. G. L. Tinker, and others, assert that the bees 
should build their own combs, and not have even 
the aid of foundation ; while Mr. W. L. Hutchinson,* 
a leader in the same school, has given us the results 
of his experiments in hiving swarms in alternation 
as they issued, on full foundation, or with starters 
only, and has declared in favour of the latter. He 
thus expresses himself: ‘M have many times hived 
a swarm upon eleven frames of empty comb, each 
a foot square, and in three days found every comb 
full of honey, with the exception of a space, per- 
haps, as large as my hand, in the centre of one of 
the middle combs, which was occupied with eggs ; 
and, were I raising extracted honey, I should most 
certainly give a swarm all the empty combs it could 
fill, but not ui the brood-nest. The advantages to 
be gained by allowing a newly-hived swarm to build 
its own combs in the brood-nest are fully as great 
in raising extracted honey as in raising comb honey ; 
but, in either case, the queen must be kept in the 
brood-nest by means of a queen-excluding honey 
board. 
“ If a swarm is hived upon frames with starters 
only, the first step is necessarily the building of comb- 
Now if a super filled with drawn or partly drawn 
combs (not foundation) is placed over the hive, the 
bees will begin storing honey in the combs at the 
same time that comb-building is begun below. If a 
queen-excluder keeps the queen out of the supers, she 
* “The Production of Comb Honey.” 
