92 
SMELLING, HEARING, ETC, 
males who have to seek- the females have the antennae 
much more fully developed. 
Hauser (6i) says that it can be taken as an in- 
variable rule that the males have the antennae much 
more developed than the females, when these from 
their habit of life live in hidden and retired places. 
We have still to describe the small hollows men- 
tioned above, situated in patches of ten or more at 
the lower part of the joints. In Fig. 38 (a, d d d) 
are seen three of these in section, and at h one of 
them enlarged. The opening leads into a large 
cavity (d, h), from the bottom of which extends a 
widening canal, and inside from the base of this rises 
a chitinous cone, which is gradually reduced to a fine 
point below the opening. Into this also extends a 
nucleated nerve end cell. Schiemenz found a larger 
number of these cavities in the drone than in either 
the queen or worker. Schiemenz and Hauser con- 
sider them as organs of smell, whilst Hicks and Graber 
suppose them to be auditory in function. Hicks cal- 
culated that there were 20,000 pits, and 200 of these 
cones in each antenna. 
Dr. Wolff (170), however, considers the olfactory 
organ as situated in quite a different position, namely, 
on the soft palatine skin of the labrum, within the 
mouth. It has a number of sensory pits or cups (Fig. 
39, Z»), provided with delicate papillae, from which 
olfactory nerves proceed. Fig. 40 shows three of 
these cups (^) enlarged, each having a central hair (a), 
a chitinous ring, and a double ganglionic swelling {c), 
terminating in a nerve fibre. 
