10 
THE BEE NATION. 
repeats the operation in the same way. It will be 
noticed that the egg (Fig. i, a) stands in a position 
parallel to the sides of the cell, and this position it re- 
tains the first day. On the second day it is inclined at 
an angle of about 45 degrees (Fig. i, b), and on the 
third day it assumes a horizontal position (Fig. i, c), 
resting perfectly flat on the base of the cell. The 
egg contains a vital germ, which, kept at a suitable 
temperature and fed by the egg substance within, 
develops into a tiny white grub on the fourth day, 
which is then supplied with a pap {bouillie) by the 
nurses as soon as it leaves the egg. Sometimes the 
hatching of the egg is retarded for a day or even 
more, especially if the temperature be low. 
This brood food is prepared by the young workers 
only, and was supposed by Schiemenz (144) and 
others to consist entirely of a secretion produced by 
glands ; but Schonfeld (147) has shown that although 
a secretion from the glands may be added, the food 
was really elaborated in the chyle stomach of the bee. 
Dr. A. de Planta (133) has abundantly proved this 
by his elaborate chemical experiments on the food 
given to the different larvae, and showed that it varied 
in quality for the different sorts of bees, as well as 
in the quantity supplied. This, called chyle food 
by Dzierzon ( 38 ) and pap by Berlepsch ( 3 ), is 
supplied for three days to a worker, and then Leuc- 
kart ( 93 ) discovered that weaning took place, 
stating that honey and pollen were added until the 
larvae are full grown. Dr. de Planta (133), how- 
ever, found that although weaning took place as 
