170 
PROFESSORS T. W. BRIDGE AND A. C. HADDON 
side, while the somewhat contracted proximal extremity is continuous with the 
centra and neural arches of the vertebrae in question (fig. 68). The greatly expanded 
transverse process of the fom-th vertebra (figs. 68 and 70, t.])}), which forms the 
greater part of each funnel, is tilted upwards and its anterior margin bent downwards 
in close contact with the inferior limb of the post-temporal (fig. 70, 'pt.i.), and then 
backwards, so as almost to meet the anterior edge of the transverse process of the 
fifth vertebra, thereby forming the anterior and ventral as well as the dorsal walls of 
tlie funnel. The recurved lamina forming the incomplete ventral wall (fig. 70, 
is extremely thin besides being interrupted by two considerable vacuities which are 
normally filled in by a thin but tough fibrous membrane. Its outer edge forms the lower 
lip of the mouth of the funnel (fig. 68), and its inner margin is confluent with the 
ventro-lateral edge of the complex centrum (fig. 70), so that what is a cleft for the 
passage of the tripus from the air-bladder to the scaphium, in Bagarius and Glypto- 
steryium, becomes converted into a complete foramen in Callomystax. The bony 
margins of the two vacuities, as well as the inferior lip of the distal opening of the 
funnel, have a peculiar indentated or crenulated outline. The posterior margin of the 
transverse process is also decurved (fig. 68) and articulates by an almost obliterated 
suture with the dorsal surface of the transverse process of the fifth vertebra (t.p.^), and, 
with the latter, forms the posterior wall of the funnel. It will be apparent, therefore) 
that the transverse process of the fourth vertebra constitutes the dorsal, anterior 
ventral, and part of the posterior wall of each funnel, while the transverse process 
of the fifth vertebra completes the posterior wall, and further, that the cavity of the 
funnel is closed distally by the corresponding lateral cutaneous area, and proximally 
by the lateral surface of the complex centrum, except at its antero-internal extremity 
where a small foramen admits of the passage of the tripus from the interior of the 
funnel to its connection with the scaphium anteriorly. The transverse process of the 
fifth vertebra (figs. 68 and 70, t.p.^) is unusually long and massive, with a slight 
ventral inclination. Its dorsal surface suturally articulates with the decurved 
posterior margin of the preceding process, but its anterior margin is separated by a 
vacuity from the ventral wall of the funnel (fig. 70). 
The otherwise imperfect ventral wall of each funnel is completed by a thin fibrous 
membrane which extends between the crenulated margin of the transverse process of 
the fourth vertebra and the anterior margin of the transverse process of the fifth 
vertebra, and is also continued across the ventral surface of the complex centrum 
from one funnel to the other. There is no trace of the peculiar ventral processes of 
Bagarius, Glyptoslernum, or Clarias. 
The superficial ossifications do not, to any obvious extent, thicken the lateral 
surfaces of the centra of the complex and fifth vertebrne, nor do they form an aortic 
groove or canal, although as a thin layer of bony deposit they obliterate any external 
indication of the intervertebral suture between the two centra, except on the ventral 
surface. At the inner extremity of each funnel-shaped recess, and near the inner lip 
