668 JOURNAL, BOMBAY NATURAL HIST. SOCIETY, Vol. XXVIII 
Status doubtful and there are few records. Pitman found a few on L. Akkar- 
kuf early in September, Livesay saw many on the Euphrates marshes on May 
15th. Zarudny says it is a winter visitor to the Karun district, and Neumann 
recoi-ds it from Ras-el-ain on February 14th. Stoneham notes it at Ctesiphon on 
March 22nd and Ludlow at Ahwaz on the 29th. Probably a not uncommon 
winter visitor and passage migrant. 
One skin examined : L. Akkarkuf, 2-9-17 (C. R. P.). 
259. Redshank. Totanus totanus. 
Totanus totanus totanus (L.) (Sy^t. Nat. Ed., x, p. 145, 1758 — Sweden). 
Common -winter -visitor and generally distributed. It arrives at the end of 
July, but most come back in the middle of August and it is recorded up to the 
end of May, though most have gone a week or two earlier. Magrath records 
that he heard it near Amara on June 29th, so perhaps some non-breeders spend 
the summer. 
Four skins examined: Samarra, 22-1-18 ; 25-12-17 (C. R. P.) ; 9 » Basra, 
3-1-19 (Armstrong) ; 9 Amara, 30-12-17 (P. A. B.). 
Not distinguishable from W. European examples. 
260. Spotted Redshank. Totanus maculatus. 
Totanus maculatus (Tunst.) (Om. Brit., 1771 — England). 
Zanidny records this as a winter visitor to the Karun district and Stoneham 
nited it at Samarra on May 17th. It is recorded from Biredjik by Weigold on 
May 1st and Ludlow shot two near Ahwaz in March. Probably it is commoner 
than the above records indicate. 
261. Marsh Sandpiper. Totanus stagnatilis. 
Totanus stagnatilis Bechst (Orn. Taschenb., ii., 1803, p. 292 — Germany). 
Probably a net uncommon winter \dsitor ; recorded by Zarudny, and Buxton 
obtained one at Baghdad on March 13th. 
262. Qreenshank, Totanus nebularius. 
Totanus nebularius (Gunn.) (Leem. Beskr. Finm Lapp. 1767, p. 251 — 
Norway). 
Fairly common winter visitor: some airive at the end of July; most of them in 
August ; leaves at the end of April. 
Two skins examined : 9 > Azizieh, 16-10-08 (P. Z. C. and R. E. C.) ; 9 , Bagh- 
dad, 26-9-17 (P. A. B.). 
263. Common Sandpiper. Tringa hypoleucos. 
Tringa hypoleucos (L.) (Syst. Nat., 1758, p. 149 — Sweden). 
A -winter -visitor generally distributed on the rivers and canals but commoner 
as a passage migrant. It apparently arrives as early as mid-July and it is record- 
ed as leaving about the middle of May. Tomlinson says it is resident at Basra 
and “ immature birds were seen in the summer ” but this does not necessarily 
prove that it breeds in Mesopotamia. Pitman too thought he saw it in the Hindia 
barrage marshes in June and July. Quite possibly some may spend the summer 
in their usual winter quarters if they are not going to breed that year. 
Four skins examined : 9 » Amara 14-9-18 ; 9 > 14-4-18 (P. A. B.) ; d > Ahwaz, 
24-5-17 (P. Z. C. and R. E. C.) ; Feluja, 9-4-17 (C. R. P.) 
264. Green Sandpiper. Tringa ochropus. 
Tringa ochropus, L. (Syst. Nat. Ed. x, p. 149, 1758 — Sweden). 
265. Wood Sandpiper. Tringa glareola. 
Tringa glareola, L. (Sj'st. Nat., Ed. x,p. 149, 1758 — Sweden). 
