952 JOVRNAL, BOMBAY NATURAL HIST. SOCIETY, Vol. XXVIII. 
iSandgrouse move off to some drier district, and these local migrations from 
■whatever cause are performed at a considerable height. 
Their note is a harsh penetrating “Caa” followed by a softer “Craa”; both sexes 
too have an alarm note — “twoi,” “twoi” “twoi”. 
.3. Kumait, 17-11-17 (P. A. B.) ; c? , Shaiba, 31-10-16 ; d 2 , Sheik Saad, 
3-10-16; S, Twin Canals, 22-11-16 (P. Z. C. and R. E. C.) ; <S , Feluja, 
14-4-17. 2,5-4-17; 2 > Samarra. 22-2-18 (C. R. P.); 2 2 > Amara, 11-16 
(Connor) ; Shaiba, 6-16 (Graham) ; Shaiba, 6-16 (Ingoldby) ; pull, Mendali 
3-8-18 (P. A. B.). 
Zarudny and Loudon have described (Orn. Monats. 1906, p. 132) a race bogdanovi 
from the Karim district. Mesopotamian birds compared with N. Persian 
birds shew no constant difference and I look upon this supposed race as being in- 
separable from caudacutus, and bogdanovi, therefore, a synonym. 
The downy chicks of nearly aU Sand-grouse are so little or else not knovn that 
I will give a description of the one obtained by Buxton. The chick has feathers 
sprouting and so the pattern is lost. 
Down Plumage — Clipper parts : Head, cheeks and ear coverts are a mixture 
r unnin g more or less in lines of (1) pale ginger brown with faint black tips, (2) 
creamy white ; back and scapulars — a mixture of (1) and (2), the black tips on (1) 
more marked. This down is being pushed out by first feathers. Under parts 
are covered by a long, rather hair-like, down which is being pushed out by pale 
isabeUine first feathers. 
Wing coverts — -On the lesser rows the dowm is pale ginger, on the rest creamy 
white. Everywhere the brown down canies long black hair-like filaments, espe- 
cially noticeable on the head and neck ; these filaments are carried one on each 
component of each tuft of down ; the white do'wn carries short white filaments 
longest on the coverts. 
Feathers of the upper parts nut-brown with blackish border and whitish edges. 
The do"wny young of this Sand-grouse was figured in the P. Z. S., 1866, plate 9. 
326. Close-barred Sand=grouse. Pterocles lichtensteinii. 
This Sand-grouse is evidently quite rare or very local. Magrath assures me 
that two or three w'ere shot near Shaiba (whence the Society has a skin) and that 
he personally handled them, and he also met ■with it at Sanniyat. The Arabian 
desert, border is the most likely place for it, as rocky hiUs are not far distant and it 
might occur along the Jebel Hamrin foot-hOls ; however there are no other re- 
cords on which rehance can be placed. Zarudny records a supposed race of 
this Sand-grouse, arabicus, as a winter visitor, but of all Sand-grouse, I believe 
the rock haunting species to be the most sedentary. 
The Coronetted and Common Indian Sand-grouse were reported to have been 
seen but no specimens were obtained, and further confirmation is desirable ; 
Zarudny gives the latter as a rare winter visitor, and Gumming thought he saw it 
flying over Fao. 
327. See See. Ammoperdix ^riseigularis { bonhami auct.) 
Ammoperdix griseigularis ter-meuleni (Orn. Jahrb., 1904 p. 221 — 
Karun District, S. W. Persia). 
Common and resident wherever hiUy country occms, as in the Ahwaz-Shustar 
district and all along the Jebel Hamrin range to Mosul, the cliffs and ravines of 
the Diala and Adhaim rivers and the Tigris from Sindia to Fatah Gorge, and at 
Hit on the Euphrates. It is eminently a bird of stony hill sides, ravines and 
broken nullahs ; on the plains proper it never occurs. Common where it occurs, it 
may be found in coveys up to twenty (which break up into pairs about February), 
but no large bags are made, as it much prefers r unni ng to flying, and it can get 
over broken ground far quicker than the sportsman can ! The breeding season 
is May and June. Cheesman found a female containing eggs on May 2nd, but full 
