1084 JOURNAL, BOMBAL NATURAL HIST. SOCIETY, Vol. XXVIll. 
feathers on the upper-parts, the under-parts are as yellow as in the male, but 
the intensity varies in both sexes. 
The adult female differs from adult female citreola in having much brighter 
yellow under-parts (merely tinged with yellow in citreola) a brighter yellow 
supercdium, and rather darker upper-parts and ear-coverts. 
The female of the year differs from the adult female in lacking almost all yellow 
on the under parts, these being nearly white, the supercilium and feathers at the 
base of the bill are sullied white instead of yellow ; head and upper-parts dark 
slate grey instead of olivaceous brown. The lack of any yellow at once dis- 
tinguishes it from any male. In this dress it is very like the young of the year 
of melanogriseus, in fact except for the larger supercilia which meet over the base 
of the bill I can see no difference except for the size of the tarsi, toes and claws. 
The white supercilia and usually the lack of any yellow on under- parts help to 
distinguish it from first year citreola of either sex. Females differ in size from 
males only in the length of the ■wing and tail which average smaller : -wings 
77-81 tails, 75-78 m.m. 
Juvenile or nestling plumage. 
Upper-parts rich bro-wn ; bufifish supercilia smmounted by a broad, nearly 
black line, imderparts strongly tinged -with bufifish brown, wWtish on vent and 
throat, -with a black moustachial line running down each side to the black 
spotted pectoral band ; calcarata and citreola are probably indistinguishable 
in this dress except that (in those examined) the white edges to the -wing coverts 
are broader in calcarata. 
The spring moult of citreola and calcarata is the same as that given for melano- 
griseus ; it starts towards the end of February and males are in full plumage 
about the middle of March, females somewhat later. 
I have already stated that the tarsus in calcarata is longer than in the other 
Wagtails and I find that the middle toe and claw as weU as the hind claw are 
also longer ; in fact calcarata is altogether a larger bird with a slightly longer 
bill, tail and -wing. Compared -with citreola the bill is nearly always 1 to 2 mn. 
longer (and this difference is more apparent to the eye than measmrements 
indicate) and though the measurements of -wings and tail overlap calcarata 
averages larger in both measurements. Compared -with beema and melano- 
griseus, calcarata is absolutely longer in all measurements (bill, tarsus, tail, 
and -wing ; extremes may just meet). 
M. 
calcarata. 
M. 
citreola. 
M, melano- 
griseus. 
M. 
beema. 
1 
M. 
calcarata. 
1 
Wing 
12 d d 
83-5-88 
once 81 
12c? 6 
81-86 
79-5-84-5 
once 85-5 
12 d c? 
78-83 
from orig. 
descr. A siatic 
Researches. — 
xix. 
Tarsus 
27-28-25 
23-25-5 
22-5-24 
22-5-24-5 
1 . 19 inch.= 
once 26 
once 26-5 
once 25 
30mm. 
Mid toe & claw . . 
22-24 
once 21-5 
20-22 
as in 
citreola 
as in 
citreola 
- 62 mid toe= 
16mm. claw 
say 7mm.-:-23 
Total 
48-75-51-5 
once 53 
43-47 
as in 
citreola 
as in 
citreola 
(53) 
• 
