140 
FASCICULI MALAY FUSES 
inner metatarsal tubercle. The tibio-tarsal articulation reaches between the 
eye and the tip of the snout. Upper parts with very prominent, irregular 
large warts, themselves studded with granular asperities in the adult ; throat, 
breast, lumbar, and antero-femoral region and lower surface of limbs smooth ; 
belly and anal region with large flat granules. Dark warm-brown above, 
with rather indistinct blackish spots on the body and regular cross-bars on 
the limbs ; the granular asperities greyish ; a large black lumbar spot ; webs 
blackish ; lower parts white (‘ bright blue-grey ’ in life), largely spotted and 
marbled with black. Male, with a large soft pad on the inner side of the 
first finger and an internal vocal sac. 
From snout to vent, 40 mm. 
Description of Tapole. Body much depressed, a little longer than broad, 
its length one and three-fifths to one and three-fourths in that of the tail. Eyes 
superior, two and one-half to three diameters apart ; distance between 
nostrils about two-thirds interocular width. Mouth ranid in type, elliptical, 
its width a little greater than the interocular. Beak black, sides and lower 
edge of the lip fringed with papillae, upper lip with a long series of fine 
horny teeth, followed on each side by three series, three interrupted series 
of teeth on the lower lip. Spiraculum on the left side, in the posterior third 
of the body, directed straight backwards. Anus turned to the right, close 
to the lower edge of the tail. Tail two and two-thirds to three times as long 
as deep, rounded at the end, the depth of the muscular portion, in the middle 
of the length, about half the total depth, the upper caudal crest does not 
extend on the body. 
The length of the numerous specimens, which are uniform dark-brown 
or blackish, with the lines of sensory organs distinct and whitish, varies 
between 1 5 mm. and 50 mm. 
‘ A considerable number of adults of this species inhabited a tree in 
the jungle near our camp on Bukit Besar, occasionally manifesting their 
presence by low grunts or croaks, uttered singly at intervals. The tree was 
one of those from the lower part of whose trunk large buttresses project, 
and in its case these buttresses had coalesced in pairs, so as to form 
cavities, which contained several gallons of rain water and dead leaves. The 
frogs deposited their spawn on the trunk in frothy masses about the size 
of a cricket ball, a foot or two above the surface of the water in these cavities, 
which was of a deep brown colour. The masses resembled those produced 
by Rhacophorus leucomystax^ but were rather smaller and paler in colour. I 
found that if they were not washed down by the rain into the water within 
three or four days, the froth dried up and the ova perished. The cavities 
