igog.J N. Annandai^E; The Indian Cirvipedia Pedunculata. 63 
being so, it is necessary to modify the arrangement of Gruvel’s ‘‘ Anaspidæ ” pretty 
considerably. It is difficult, moreover, to separate Heteralepas very widely from 
Conchoderma, which, again, has indubitable affinities with Lepas. Alepas on the other 
hand, as restricted by Pilsbry, stands in some kind of relationship to Chcetolepas , 
Anelasma and Hoek’s new genus Microlepas. It is not altogether clear, however, 
how far this relationship is genetic, and as I have not seen any of these forms I can- 
not express a definite opinion. The four genera may be considered provisionally as 
forming a subfamily of the hepadidæ. 
There does not seem to be any very great gain in subdividing the “ Polyaspidæ,” 
the characters on which Gruvel bases the separation being clearly adaptive and con- 
nected with a difference of habits. I think it as well, however, to emphasize the 
close relationship between the genera Pcecilasma, Megalasma and Dichelaspis by 
regarding them as constituting a subfamily. For these reasons I propose to arrange 
the Pedunculata as follows : — 
Suborder PEDUNCULATA. 
Family I.— POTFICIPEDIDÆ:. 
Pedunculate Cirripedes in which the capitulum bears more than five valves 
with distinct centres of calcification. The peduncle clothed with well- 
defined scales or plates. Cirri long and curved ; lateral appendages present 
or absent ; anal appendages usually well developed, consisting of several 
joints. Parasitic males in one genus. Genera — Pollicipes, Scalpellum , 
Lithotrya. 
Family II.— IBFIDÆ:. 
Pedunculate Cirripedes in which the capitulum bears four chitinous plates, 
which contain calcareous salts in older individuals. Peduncle not very 
clearly differentiated from the capitulum, bearing chitinous spines at any 
rate in young individuals. Cirri long and curved ; lateral appendages absent ; 
anal appendages with several joints. Parasitic males occur. Genus — Ibla. 
Family III.— FEPADIDÆ:. 
Pedunculate Cirripedes with a well-defined capitulum , which typically bears 
five calcified plates. In many species, however, these plates tend to break 
up or even to disappear altogether. Cirri long and curved ; lateral append- 
ages present or absent ; anal appendages, when present, with a single 
joint or with several or many joints. Parasitic males not produced. 
Subfamily {a). — OxynaspidinÆ. 
Small species with five well-developed valves. The valves bearing small 
calcareous points and covered by a membrane studded with chitinous 
spines. Eateral appendages absent ; anal appendages very small or 
absent. Prosoma feebly developed. Genus — Oxynaspis. 
Subfamily (6 ). — Eepadinæ;. 
Species typically with five valves which occupy the greater part of the 
surface of the capitulum. These valves frequently much reduced or 
