8 
these fossils are associated, dwell in water in the larval and pupal conditions ; 
and it is in such localities, near running streams and fresh-water pools, that 
the perfect insects are found in the greatest numbers. 
From what can he seen of the antennae and the abdominal appendages 
the specimen appears to he a female. Unfortunately the venation, one of 
the most important characteristics in the classification of the Diptera, is 
wholly imperceptible. 
Chironomidse appear to have been abundant in Mesozoic and Tertiary 
times, as a number of fossil forms are known from various formations, 
including one described from the Lias by Geinitz, some described by the Kev. 
P. B. Brodie from the Purbeck Series, and others by Dr. Oswald Deer from 
the Tertiary rocks of Oeningen. 
Locality and Horizoji . — Pox and Partridge’s claim. Bed Hill, near 
Emmaville, New England. Youngest Tertiary stanniferous lead of the 
Vegetable Creek, Tin-field ; Upper Tertiary (J/r. T. TF. Ed yeioorth David.) 
Orrfer— NEUROPTERA. 
Family — EPKEMETlIDEd. 
Genus — EPHEMERA, Lmneeus. 
Ephemera Culleni, sp. nov. 
Plate I, Figs. 3-9. 
Sp. Char. — Adult : Elongate, moderately robust, somewhat narrowed 
behind ; head rather large ; eyes large, prominent, and approximate ; antenna) 
subulate, very small ; thorax robust ; mesothorax predominant ; fore-wing 
oblong, trilateral, rounded at the extremity, the venation fine and reticulate ; 
the costal margin slightly curved, rather more than one and a half times the 
length of the hind margin ; abdomen much longer than the head and thorax 
together, slightly narrowed posteriorly, furnished at the hinder extremity 
with three many-jointed filiform tails or caudal setae ; legs rather long ; the 
femora robust ; the tibiae slender, rather longer than the femora ; tarsi small. 
Length of body, 10 mm. ; of wing, 10 mm. 
Nymph similar to the adult insect, but with the head broader and the 
wings rudimentary ; no tracheal branchiae observable. 
