Cast Iron, Steel, and Malleable Iron, 517 
of iron, gave by combustion in Liebig’s and Dumas’s appa- 
T’ClfllC 
Carbon .... 1*22^00 
Hydrogen . . . 0*03684 
Azote 0*264 
The residuum of the same iron, treated with hydochloric 
acid, sp. gr. 1*14, left 
Carbon . , . 0*3862 
Hydrogen . . 00297 
Azote .... 0*2833 
The actual quantity of azote and the other contituent cal- 
culated by direct chemical analysis, is shown in the follow- 
ing table : — 
For 35 grains in per cent. 
Silicon 
Aluminum 
Antimony 
Phosphorus 
Sulphur 
Azote . 
Carbon 
Iron . 
Loss . 
0*353 
0*030 
0*559 
0*030 
0*112 
0*268 
1*505 
32*033 
00*110 
1*00867 
0*08571 
1*59710 
0*08553 
0*32018 
0*76371 
4*30000 
91*52282 
00*31428 
35*000 = 100*00000 
Iron of the works of Creuzot, departement de Saone et de 
Loire. Specific gravity = 7*536 ; the colour of the fracture 
dead grey. Treated as usual with hydrochloric acid of spe- 
cific gravity 1*103. The evolution of hydrogen gas con- 
tinued for fourteen days. The escaping hydrogen had an in- 
tolerable smell, somewhat resembling the smell of §elenium. 
The remainder in the retort had retained the shape of the 
fragments of the iron previous to solution. When washed 
upon a filter, as soon as boiling water was poured upon the 
partially dry fragments, the air contained between the pores 
of the fragments escaped with the same hissing noise for a 
considerable time, as hydrogen escapes when hydrochloric 
acid is poured upon iron. In 35 grains of this iron 0*3213 
grains of sulphur were contained, and the remainder was 
= 14*880 of a yellowish-brown colour. Concentrated hy- 
drochloric acid when cold had no further action upon it; 
when boiled with the same acid for ten minutes it had lost 
4*586 grains of iron. The remainder = 10*294, heated in a 
platinum crucible, did not glow or take fire spontaneously ; 
but brought to a red heat, it at once attained a lively white 
appearance of ignition, which immediately subsided into its 
