576 Dr. Schafhaeutl on the Different Species of 
Further, I dissolved 20 grains of the present specimen of 
cast iron in aqua-regia; it was quickly and violently attacked, 
leaving a black coaly residuum. Nevertheless 1*11 grains 
of the iron remained undissolved, which I carefully washed 
and separated. The solution was then evaporated to dryness, 
mixed with live times its weight of soda, and exposed to a 
white heat in a charcoal fire. The mass was found afterwards 
to be of a yellowish-brown colour, intermixed with black lumps, 
and several white drops adhered to the lid. Acidulated water 
was poured over it, and the whole digested for some time. 
A light gray muddy liquid was the result ; but the mass on 
the bottom was not much attacked. After changing the acid, 
its action was very soon stopped again. By adding more 
acid the action began again very violently ; the whole mass 
in the crucible was converted into a black viscid mass, filling 
up the whole crucible, while disengaging carbonic acid with 
a particularly sharp hissing noise. I poured the whole into 
a china dish. In the green liquid I found swimming a black 
flocculent mass in considerable quantity. After some time hy- 
drogen gas was developed, and the black mass began to di- 
minish gradually in bulk till all traces of it were lost, and the 
colour of the liquid, green before, became changed into yel- 
low. 
The evolution of hydrogen proved that the black mass must 
have been a reduced metallic body, either silicon or iron. It 
is very curious that the alkali shewed such a reducing power, 
which seems to be derived from the carbonaceous matter 
combined with the oxide of iron ; a case which never occur- 
red to me at any other time. 
The silica separated weighed = 0*5148 
The oxide of iron „ 8*9041 
9*4189 
The chemical constituents of these examples, determined in 
the usual manner, are shown in the following table, to which 
I have added the preceding analysis for comparison : 
Ingredients. 
Gray 
French 
Iron. 
White 
Welsh 
Iron. 
Creuzot 
Iron. 
Iron {a). 
Iron (J). 
Iron (c). 
Speci- 
men (d). 
Steel. 
Silicon ... 
4-86430 
1-00867 
1-0090 
1-860 
2-006 
0-4828 
2-9784 
0-5204 
Aluminum 
1-00738 
0-08571 
0-0606 
0-108 
0-098 
0-0134 
0-0876 
0-000 
Carbon ... 
3-38000 
4-30000 
1-9100 
5-800 
4-750 
2-7500 
4-269 
1-42800 
Azote 
0-00000 
0-76371 
0-7205 
0-874 
0-565 
1-0360 
0-6386 
0-18310 
Sulphur... 
0-17740 
0-32018 
1-1050 
0-645 
0-800 
0-3800 
0-433 
1-00200 
Arsenic ... 
0-00000 
0-00000 
0-0000 
4-050 
2-560 
4-0800 
3-840 
0-93400 
Antimony . 
0-00000 
1-59710 
0-0000 
0 000 
0-000 
0-000 
0-000 
0-12100 
Chrome ... 
0-00000 
0-00000 
1-38200 
0-000 
0-000 
0-000 
0-000 
0-00000 
