CONTINUATION OF EXTRACT. 
310 
Our Kuriles wear Eussian dresses of all fashions, as they 
receive them; for the Ainu, on the other hand, the Ja- 
panese prepare a certain dress, according to tlio Japanese 
cut, and of hempen cloth, wliich resembles our coarse, 
unbleached sailcloth. The elders receive cotton and silk 
dresses. If one of them particularly distinguishes him- 
self, the Japanese Government rewards him with a splen- 
did dress embroidered with gold and silver, or with sabres 
in silver scabbards The Government has ordered 
that the Ainu shall not work for any Japanese, not even 
for the crown, without payment. For everv kind of 
work a price is fixed, with which they are, however, not 
content, because it is not answerable to their labour/' 
And again : — “ The Ainu live in winter in what are called 
jnrten, or huts of earth, and in summer in straiv huts, 
in which they have no benches or seats, but sit on the 
ground, either on the grass or on Japanese mats. Their 
food consists of rice, which the Japanese supply them 
with, of fish, sea-animals, sea-cabbage, wild herbs, and 
roots. Many have gardens in tlie Japanese fashion ; 
others employ themselves in the chase: they kill, with 
their spears and arrows, hears, deer, and liare, catch 
birds, and also eat dogs The Ainu are, in general, 
extremely uncleanly. They never wash tlieir hands, 
faces, or bodies, except when they have to go into the 
water to do some work: they never wash their clothes. 
, . . , Polygamy is allowed among them: they have two 
or three wives, and the elders still more. 
“ They have no writing, and, consequently, no written 
law's: everything is handed dowm from one generation 
to another The total w'ant of words of abuse iu 
