66 Philippine Journal of Science 1920 
worms of the family Tseniidse in either a dog or a cat in the 
Philippines. 
Wharton, however, speaks of several cases of larval infec- 
tions of man with Echinococcus granulosus, but has no authentic 
report of the finding of an adult in the Philippine Islands. He 
accounts for the absence of tjenia forms that are found in dogs 
by the lack of suitable intermediate hosts — rabbits and sheep. 
The question of infant feeding has engaged the attention of 
* medical men since the early days of American occupation, and 
it is still a difficult problem. In Manila, much good has been 
accomplished by the free milk depot of the Gota de Leche, but 
it can provide for only a small proportion of the infant popula- 
tion of the city. The prevalence of rinderpest is responsible 
in a large degree for the difficulty experienced in getting fresh 
milk for infant feeding. Musgrave and Richmond (46) quote 
Carter as pointing out that even when fresh milk is obtained, , 
it is frequently improperly diluted or contaminated by the use 
of water from an impure source, giving rise to intestinal dis- 
orders and malnutrition which are rapidly fatal. 
Musgrave and Richmond state that breast feeding is probably 
attempted in almost every case, but the percentage of exclu- 
sively breast-fed children certainly is smaller than in many 
other countries. This is largely attributable to the lack of suf- 
ficient and proper food for the mother. They add (p. 364) : 
The conditions which have been outlined and many others, bring about 
the necessity of instituting artificial food for breast milk in infant feeding 
to an extent, and at an age of the infant, probably not surpassed if it 
is equaled in any other country. 
This naturally leads to a nondescript diet for a large number 
of children and the menu soon includes a large variety of home- 
made preparations — rice sticks, potatoes, bananas and other 
fruits are given at an early age, and sometimes meat is given 
to the child before the eruption of the temporary teeth. Boluses 
of meat have been found in . the stomachs of such children at 
autopsy. The character and percentage of diluents are also 
heavy contributing factors. Such things, of course, are in them- 
selves bad for the children, but the parasitologist who has seen 
the manner in which this food is prepared and handled looks 
upon it mainly as the vehicle for the conveyance of parasites. 
Another aspect of the problem is presented by McLaughlin 
and Andrews (41) in their studies on infant mortality. They 
say: 
