) 
16,3 Taylor: Philippine Amphibia 217 
FOOD 
Frogs and toads are carnivorous, and their food for the most 
part consists of small insects. However, many species do not 
depend much on insects. I have examined the stomach contents 
of numerous species and have found the following: A large 
specimen of Rana vittigera that had just swallowed a full-grown 
Kaloula picta; the stomachs of other species contained tadpoles, 
earthworms, small pebbles, caterpillars, etc. In the Santo Tomas 
Museum, Manila, a large specimen of Rana vittigera is preserved 
which had swallowed a 6-centimeter fresh-water gastropod, the 
sharp apex of which pierced the stomach and body wall and now 
extends about 2.5 centimeters beyond the body wall in the region 
of the shoulder. Certain of the Engystomidse feed almost wholly 
on ants of various species. 
GEOGRAPHIC DISTRIBUTION 
While our knowledge of the distribution of species is far from 
complete, it may be well to review the known distribution of the 
families, genera, and species of the Philippine Archipelago, with 
a view to determining the derivation of the faunas, their relation- 
ships, and what light they may throw on the geographic inter- 
relationships of the various islands within the Archipelago and 
on the relation of the Philippine group to other island groups 
in the East Indies and about Australia. Table 1 shows the dis- 
tribution of the orders of Amphibia in the Orient. 
Table 1. — Distribution of the orders of Amphibia in the Orient. 
The order Apoda is composed of a single family, the Caecili- 
idffi, represented in the East Indian region by two genera, num- 
bering four or five species. Of the eleven genera of this family 
recorded in Boulenger’s Catalogue,^ the distribution is as follows : 
* Boulenger, Cat. Batr. Grad. s. Gaud. Batr. Apod. Brit. Mus. ed 2 
(1882). 
