UNIVERSITY OF FLORIDA 
Hllllililllll 
3 1262 09224 7013 
Cycl am en m ite .--This mite. Tar son emu s p al 1 id us Bank s_, was controlled 
in the United" States by using', Black. Leaf 40, nicotine" cleate, and tobacco 
dus"b|»\: "■ , '. ■ ; ' '■ .... ~\ 
Other mites on plants ,— There are a fev. r records on about two dozen 
other species of mites, but not all of them report successful control with 
nicotine, 
IX. EXTERNAL PAPASITES ON ANIMALS AND .MAN 
The mites and ticks, which are not insects, belong to the Acarina, 
the. sucking lice to Anoplura, the biting lice to Mallophaga, the fleas to 
Siphonaptera, and the flies to Diptera. The writer was unable to' use many 
of the abstracts in E-392 because they discuss lice without giving their 
scientific names. The word "lice" includes the Anoplura, the Mallophaga, 
and the sheep louse or tick, which is really a fly. 
Mit es , --Nicotine sulfate was effective against Liponyssus sylviarium 
(C. & F, ), the chicken mite ( Der ma nyssus gal lime (Deg,), the mites Psoropte s 
communis Fuerst and P, ovis Her. on rabbits -and sheep, and the mange mites 
S aYc opte s scabiei Deg., S, equi Gerl., and S, g u is Gerl, on cattle, horses, 
and dogs. 
Ticks . --There is very little information on the use of nicotine on 
ticks. Nicotine was apparently effective against only the immature stages 
on cattle and sheep. It may bo applied to the vegetation and about kennels 
to kill the newly hatched ticks. 
Sucking lice ,— Five species arc mentioned. Nicotine fumigation was 
effective against the body louse ( Pediculus hu manu s corporis Deg,), Nico- 
tine is nob recommended because of its possible toxic features to humans 
or animals, 
Biting_ 1 ice .--Nicotine was used satisfactorily against-four out of 
five species , 
Fleas,— Only one species was mentioned by scientific name. Nicotine 
was usually effective against fleas When it was sprayed on vegetation and 
basement floors. 
Flies. — Nicotine was also effective against the sheep louse or tick 
( Melophagus ovinus (L.)) and the pigeoin fly (Pseudol ynchia canariensis (Macq.) 
in low concentrations, but at leant two dippings are required. Because of its 
absorption' and subsequent toxic qualities it is. not favored. 
