34 
PAEASITES OF GIPSY AND BROWN-TAIL MOTHS. 
Another enemy of the black scale was imported in 1901. It is a 
small moth, Erastria scitula Ramb. (fig. 8), the larva of which feeds 
in the bodies of mature scales, each larva destroying a number of 
scales. An effort had been made by Riley to import this insect from 
Fi ance in 1892, but without success. In 1901 Berlese sent the senior 
author living pupae, which were at once forwarded to Craw and- 
Ehrhorn in California. It was reported in 1902 that the insects had 
been reared and liberated in Santa Clara, Los An- 
geles, and Niles, CaL, but if the species was estab- 
lished in the State it has not flourished and has 
not recently been found. 
A similar lepidopterous insect, Thalpochares coc- 
ciphaga Meyrick, was brought over from Australia 
in the summer of 1892 by Koebele and left by 
him at Hay wards, CaL, but the species evidently 
died out. 
The Hawaiian Work. 
Fig. 7. ~Pediculoid.es 
ventricosus. Greatly 
enlarged. (From 
Marlatt.) 
In 1893 Koebele resigned from the service of 
the State of California and entered the employ- 
ment of the then newly established Hawaiian Re- 
public for the purpose of traveling in different 
countries and collecting beneficial insects to be introduced into 
Hawaii for the purpose of destroying injurious insects. Before 
leaving California he had introduced a very capable ladybird, Crypto- 
Ixrnus montrouzieri Muls., which feeds upon mealy bugs of the genus 
1 [O. ^.—Erastria scitula, an imported enemy of the black scale: a, Larva from below; 6, same, from 
above; c, same, in case; d, case of full-grown larva; e, pupa; /, moth. Enlarged. (After Rou- 
zaud.) 
Pseudococcus. This insect flourished, especially in southern Cali- 
fornia, and on arrival in Hawaii he found that coffee plants and 
certain other trees were on the point of being totally destroyed by 
the allied scale insect known as Pulvinaria psidii Mask. He at 
