68 
PARASITES OF GIPSY AND BROWX-TAIL MOTHS. 
methods, he promised his hearty support to the work, refusing, how- 
ever, to accept any compensation from the State of Massachusetts or 
from the United States Government. 
The visitor then proceeded by boat from Sebastopol to Con- 
stantinople, but was unable to learn of any person in Turkey having 
any information on the subject of insect pests, nor was he able in the 
country about Constantinople to find any indication of the occurrence 
of either gipsy moth or brown-tail moth. 
Leaving Constantinople, the expedition proceeded to Vienna, drop- 
ping Mr. Pichler at Budapest. At Vienna the Seventh International 
Congress of Agriculture was held, beginning May 22, 1907. The 
visitor met there a number of delegates from the different countries 
in Europe, with whom he discussed the question of parasite importa- 
tion, receiving warm assurances of support, especially from Prof. Dr. 
Max Hollrung, of the Agricultural Department of the University of 
Halle, Prof. Dr. Karl Eckstein, of the Forest Academy at Ebers- 
walde, and Prof. Dr. J. Kitzema Bos, director of the Phytopatho- 
logical Station at TVageningen, Holland. "While in Vienna arrange- 
ments were made with Mr. Fritz W T agner for continuance of the 
work, and a further consultation on the subject of parasites was held 
with Dr. Gustav Mayr. 
After Vienna, Mr. Schopfer was visited in Dresden, Dr. Hollrung 
at Halle, Dr. R. Heymons in Berlin, Dr. Eckstein in Eberswalde, 
Miss Riihl at Zurich, and Prof. G. Severin at Brussels. Prof. Severin 
is connected with the Royal Natural History Museum at Brussels, 
is an admirably well-posted entomologist, and is connected with the 
Forest Conservation Commission of Belgium. He was able to give 
good advice in the parasite work and promised assistance. 
Returning to France, an important conference was held with Mr. 
Rene Oberthiir, and it was arranged to establish during the summer 
of 1908 a field station at Rennes, to be placed in charge of a special 
expert, Mr. A. Vuillet, chosen by Prof. Houlbert, of the University 
of Rennes. Through Mr. Oberthur's courtesy it was arranged to 
establish field rearing cages at a convenient point near the University 
of Rennes and to carry on the work in much the same way as it had 
been arranged for the present summer at Kief. The University of 
Rennes having a certain connection with the University of Paris, it 
was considered desirable that the cooperation of the scientific faculty 
of the University of Paris be gained by direct application. This was 
readily arranged, through the cordial and sympathetic cooperation 
of Prof. Alfred Giard, of the faculty of science of the University of 
Paris (since deceased). 
Tn dealing with the European parasites reared at North Saugus, 
considerable difficulty was experienced in ascertaining their names. 
It was very desirable, of course, to have a definite name by which to 
