78 
PARASITES OF GIPSY AND BROWX-TAIL MOTHS. 
in June, the larvae were about full grown and making ready to spin. 
The natural enemies of the gipsy-moth were not abundant in this 
forest, although a few were seen on trees along the highway in this 
general region. Nevertheless the invariable experience in Europe is 
that following such an outbreak as this parasites congregate in the 
region the following year and multiply in enormous numbers. The 
finding of this area, therefore, seemed fortunate, since during the 
season of 1910 it seemed probable that parasites would be abundant 
at that point. This hope was not fulfilled, however, and in 1910 
practically no gipsy-moth larvae were to be found in that general 
region. 
In the meantime the honorable minister of agriculture for Japan 
had at the request of the honorable the Secretary of Agriculture of 
the United States designated Prof. S. I. Kuwana, of the Imperial 
Agricultural Station at Tokyo, to be the official representative of the 
Japanese Government in the parasite work to be carried on during 
the spring and summer of 1909, and to conduct his operations in 
cooperation with and in correspondence with the chief of the Bureau 
of Entomolog} T of the United States Department. Prof. Kuwana 
has shown himself in this, as in his previous work, a man of extra- 
ordinary intelligence and activity, and has sent in a number of inter- 
esting and valuable lots of parasitic material which were received at 
Melrose Highlands in uniformly good condition. This was due to 
the great care and intelligence shown by Prof. Kuwana in its collec- 
tion and in his methods of packing and shipping. 
The most nearly perfect European service during the summer of 
1909 was secured in France, owing to the arrangement made at the 
May conference in Paris. In the south of France very many people 
were employed under Mr. Powell, and several thousand boxes of good 
material were received at the parasite laboratory from this region. 
(See PI. IV, fig. 2.) In quantity it exceeded the total of all the 
importations of a similar character made since the inception of the 
work, and from it have been reared a greater number of important 
tachinid parasites than have been reared from all other importations 
of similar character taken together. The size of the French shipments 
is largely due to the intelligent energy of Mr. M. Dillon (see PI. IV, 
fig. 1), with whom the bureau was placed in relations by Mr. Powell. 
Quantities of miscellaneous material were also received, as for- 
merly, from numerous collectors in Germany, Austria, Italy, Hol- 
land, Belgium, and Switzerland. 
Prof. Kineaid's account of his Russian observations is as follows: 
At the request of Dr. L. O. Howard, Chief of the Bureau of En- 
tomology, United States Department of Agriculture, the writer 
visited the provinces of Russia bordering upon the Black Sea during 
the summer of 1909 with a view to the introduction into America 
