ECC. PARASITES OF THE GTPSY MOTH. 
171 
tain in the hope that laboratory reproduction could be secured was 
boos recognized to be a mistake, and as the Anastatus continued to 
emerge considerably ahead of the time when they would obviously 
have issued under more natural conditions, it was resolved to remedy 
the evil, if possible, by placing the parasitized material in cold stor- 
age. This experiment was successful. The further 
transformations <>f the parasites were retarded 
without any apparent prejudicial effects upon 
their vitality, and in July some .">()() were reared 
and colonized in the field. 
Coincidently with the height of their emergenc 
ig. 13. — A ntutatua hi/a.?- 
ciatus; Uterine egg. 
Greatly enlarged. 
(Original.) 
)f a small black 
Issued, an< 
secondary. 
invest igati 
FlG. H.—Anaxtattus bi/asciatus: 1 1 iivoniai niu' 
larva. Greatly enlarged. (Original.) 
and subsequent to its close, a considerable number 
eneyrtid, later described by the senior author as Tyndarichus navse, 
11 were destroyed on the supposition that they might be 
Phis was not by any mean-; certain, and it was resolved to 
Leir habits thoroughly so soon as opportunity should offer. 
Accordingly, in the fall of 1008, 
following the receipt of several con- 
siderable shipments of egg masses 
from Japan, an exhaustive investi- 
gation of the gipsy-moth egg para- 
sites was inaugurated. These in- 
vestigations were more intimately 
associated with the work upon 
Schedius, and more will be said 
of them in the discussion of that 
species. So far as Anastatus was 
concerned, its life and probable 
habits stood revealed from the start. Almost in the beginning its 
lar\a> were found (fig. L4) and identified correctly, as was later 
proved. They were almost invariably found in eggs which had 
been destroyed before embryonic development had taken place, 
which showed conclusively that these eirirs were attacked within a 
Very short time after their dep- 
osition. It was known that the 
adults did not issue until after 
the caterpillars had hatched from 
healthy eggs in the spring, and 
the fact that the species was 
single brooded, with a life cycle 
that was correlated perfectly with 
that of the gipsy moth, was as 
certainly evident then as now, after two years' observation of its 
progress in the field has given ample confirmation. 
The egg of Anastatus has not been seen after deposition, but its 
appearance before is indicated by figure 13. The full-fed larva 
Fig. 15. — Anastatus bifa.scintns: Pupa from gipsy- 
mothegg. Greatly enlarged. (Original.) 
