THE COTTON WORM IN OTHER COUNTRIES. 
43 
and yellowish back with brown stripes. • • • The caterpillars generally appear 
in the spring-time ; that is to say, in February and March, and at times in such quan- 
tities that they succeed in destroying whole plantations of cotton. If, however, 
the rainy seasons continue a short time beyond their usual period, they are almost 
all destroyed by the rains. 
These caterpillars hare been known ever since the first time that cotton was raised 
here, and, so far as I can gather from information received, are indigenous to the coun- 
try and in no way imported from elsewhere. » • • The winds that prevail in that 
part of the country are north-northeast and south-southeast. — [E. H. Plumacher, Com- 
mercial Agent. 
The smaller caterpillar referred to is Aletia, and the larger one a 
large uphingid larva. 
In British Guiana the Cotton Worm was in former years very abun- 
dant and destructive. Dr. Chisholm * lias given a long account of its 
method of work and the remedies, which is quoted freely in the Keport 
of the Department of Agriculture on Cotton Insects, 1879 (pp. 72, 73). 
Dr. Ure (1835) also states that the Chenille is the most destructive 
enemy to the cotton crop in British Guiana. 
In Dutch Guiana the Cotton Worm has always been destructive, and 
Mr. V. YV. Cragin, United States Consul at Paramaribo, writing to the 
Department of Agriculture, in 18o(>, identifies the destructive insect 
with Xoctua xylina Say. 
In Brazil, A. xylina ha.s been found at various points. Our most trust- 
worthy information is contained in the report of Mr. John C. Branner 
(Appendix V). Messrs. liranner and Koebele, as shown in this re- 
port, reared this species from the larva at Bahia and at Bonito (Prov- 
ince of Pernambueo). In the British Museum list previously cited, A. 
grand ipuneta is given from Santarem (Province of Para). The follow- 
ing concerning the Cotton Worms at Bahia is from the American Ento- 
mologist, Vol. Ill, pp. 128, 129 (May, 1880). 
COTTON CULTUKK AND TIIK INSECTS AFFECTING THE PLANT AT BAHIA, BRAZIL. 
Cotton is not grown at present to aiiy considerable extent in this province, and has 
ceased to be an article of exportation. The cultivation is simple in the extreme, re- 
quiring lit tle care or attention, but owing to the distance from this part of the cotton- 
producing districts, the cultivation has long since ceased to be remunerative. 
The insect enemies of the cotton-plant which particularly attack it, consist of two 
species of moths, which in the form of worms or caterpillars prey upon its leaves and 
stalk as also the cotton pod itself. It is also attacked by a peculiar species of bug, a 
specimen of which is forwarded, and by the grasshoppers, which commit great ravage* 
on the foliage and the tender stalkn. 
The " Cotton Worm " as described by Professor Riley is somewhat different from the 
worm found in this province, differing in color and other respects, but it is no doubt 
of very similar character. 
The ravage committed by them is greater in the dry or summer months, say Sep- 
tember, October, November, and December. 
This Cotton Worm is believed to have been always in the country, and not imported. 
Cotton has been grown in this part of Brazil for as long a time as any other produc- 
tion, and it is also found growing wild. 
♦Brewster's Edinburgh Encyclopedia: Article Cotton. 
