58 REPORT 4, UNITED STATES ENTOMOLOGICAL COMMISSION. 
Plate IX, Fig. 4, a.gl. 1 and a.gl. 2 ) The paired glands lie close under 
the rectum, and would at first sight be supposed appendages of the lat- 
ter instead of belonging to the oviduct. 
At the base of the eighth segment, beneath, opens the vagina (v.), the 
orifice of which is therefore distinct from that of the oviduct. It is a 
long horny canal, which leads into a very large pyriform copulatory 
pouch. (Plate IX, Fig. 4, c. p.) This pouch is a very remarkable organ 
in the Lepidoptera. Its walls are very thick, and consist of a powerful 
muscular layer (Fig. 7, ».), within which is an epithelial layer (sp.) or 
matrix which gives rise to a stout cuticula intima {en.). This last lies in 
heavy folds or ridges (Fig. 5), which have a general longitudinal direc- 
tion, but with various curves and anastomosing branches. It is covered 
with little points, or teeth, which are stouter near the base of the pouch, 
and similar to the cuticular spines of the larval skin described at the 
beginning of the chapter. Each point arises in a little field of its own, 
separated by various-shaped boundaries from adjoining fields. (See 
Fig. 6.) These fields probably correspond to the underlying cells of the 
matrix. Xear the base of the interior of the pouch a transverse tri- 
angular flap or valve is suspended from above, very thickly covered 
with short teeth, like those over the rest of the pouch. 
There is a deep longitudinal furrow on the top of the pouch, so that 
cross-sections of the latter give a Y-shaped cavity. The vagina itself 
has a smooth, stout cuticula. Near the base of the vagina a slender 
sperm-duct (s. d.) leads from the vagina into the oviduct, through which 
duct the spermatozoa pass from the copulatory pouch, where they are 
discharged into the oviduct where the eggs are to be fecundated. The 
sperm-duct does not expand into a sperm atheca, as is often the case. 
In the female, as in the male, the two terminal segments are retracted, 
resting within the seventh, and do not bear spiracles. The eighth seg- 
ment is like the preceding in shape, but smaller, with the pocket be- 
neath for the vaginal opening, as described. From the anterior margin, 
each side, a stout spur projects into the interior of the abdomen (Plate 
IX, Fig. 4) for the attachment of muscles to move the segment. 
The dorsum of the ninth segment forms merely a membranous cov- 
ering over the rectum and contains no ossified element. The sides of 
the segment are i>roduced into two lobes (see Plate IX, Fig. 4), which 
flank the oviduct and form a short ovipositor. Anteriorly the lobes 
send out two spurs like those of the preceding segment, but they are 
not shown in the figure. Ventrally the segment terminates in a short 
triangular piece projecting between the lateral lobes. 
