112 EEPORT 4, UNITED STATES ENTOMOLOGICAL COMMISSION. 
dopteryx ephemerceformis, Haw.), although Walsh (Trans. Acad. Sci. St. 
Louis III, 137) identifies Say's Bombyx with Clisiocampa americana. 
Fig. 39.—Pimpla conquisitor : a larva: b head of do. from front; c pupa: d adult female (hair line in- 
dicating natural size) \ e end of male abdomen from above ; / same from the side — all enlarged. (Orig- 
inal.) 
The larva (Fig. 39 a) of Pimpla conquisitor is a legless maggot of a whitish color, the 
head well defined, concolorous with the body and with distinct mouth jmrts ; the tips of 
the mandibles black. The body tapers posteriorly, the skin is finely wrinkled, and no 
spiracles are apparent; the first three joints have a longitudinal, impressed line low 
down on the sides, and the succeeding joints have a similar line higher up, and above 
it a distinct lateral ridge or series of protuberances. The mandibles are slender and 
pointed, situated beneath the labrum and above the three fleshy tubercles which 
represent the maxillae and labrum. Above the labrum are two distant and very indis- 
tinct circles with a minute point in the center, indicating the position of the anten- 
n«j. The largest larva examined measured 9 mm . 
The pupa (Fig. 3!) c) resembles the imago in the form of body, but the colors are unde- 
veloped, the wings unexpanded, and the legs, antennae, and palpi laid along the sides 
and breast. In the $ the tip of the abdomen is abruptly terminated, and just before 
the tip on each side is a tubercle bearing two projecting teeth ; in the $ the ovipos- 
itor is curved up over the back. 
The species is widely distributed over the United States and attacks 
a large number of other lepidopterous larvse. It is probably the most 
effectual as it is the most noticeable check to the development of the 
chrysalis, and that it has always attacked Aletia seems most probable; 
for the following account by Dr. Gorham, published in 1847 in the article 
in De Bow's Review already cited, gives such an exact account of it 
and such a full general description, that, while he could not name it, 
there is no question as to its identity with the species under consider- 
ation. In endeaving to explain the disappearance of the Cotton Worm 
in early winter, Dr. Gorham writes: 
Let us take a pocketful of these [the chrysalides] home and place them beneath 
tumblers, and wait patiently to see what they will produce. * * * About the 
fifteenth of November the insect appeared, but, mirabilc dictu ! as different from the 
Cotton fly as it is possible to suppose one insect could differ from another. It belonged 
altogether to a different family, a description of which I give as follows : 
Antenna' filiform ; black, six lines in length. Palpi four, two external and two in- 
termediate, the external white, twice the length of the other two, in shape angular, 
the angles projecting externally. .The two middle are straight, scarcely perceptible, 
