166 REPORT 4, UNITED STATES ENTOMOLOGICAL COMMISSION. 
composed of a pure ground, somewhat siliceous and dry. Moisture and 
the presence of clay is injurious, the plant being extremely sensitive to 
an excess of water, and would in such case immediately perish. A 
southern exposure is the most favorable. The best time for putting the 
seeds in the ground is from March to April. It can be done even in 
the month of February if the weather will permit it. After the soil has 
been prepared and the seeds are sown they are covered by a stratum of 
ground mixed with some vegetable mold, when the roller is slightly ap- 
plied to it. Every five or six days the watering is to be renewed in 
order to facilitate the germination. At the end of about thirty or forty 
days the young plants make their appearance, and as soon as they have 
gained strength enough they are transplanted at a distance of about six 
inches from each other. Three months after this operation they are 
transplanted again at a distance of from fourteen to twenty inches, ac- 
cording to their strength. Each transplantation requires, of course, a 
new watering, which, however, should only be moderately applied. The 
blossoming of the Pyrethrum commences the second year, toward the 
end of May. and continues to the end of September." Mr. Willemot 
also states that the plant is very little sensitive to cold, and needs no 
shelter, even during severe winters. 
The above quoted directions have reference to the climate of France, 
and as the cultivation of the plant in many parts of North America is 
yet an experiment, a great deal of independent judgment must be used. 
The plants should be treated in the same manner as the ordinary Asters 
of the garden or other perennial Composite. 
As to the Dalmatian plant, it is well known that Mr. G. N". Milco, a 
native of Dalniatia, has of late years successfully cultivated Pyrethrum 
cinerariccfolium near Stockton, Cal., and the powder from the California- 
grown plants, to which Mr. Milco has given the name of "Buhach," re- 
tains all the insecticide qualities and is far superior to most of the im- 
ported powder, as we know from experience. Mr. Milco gives the fol- 
lowing advice about planting — advice which applies more particularly 
to the Pacific coast: "Prepare a small bed of fine, loose, sandy, loamy 
soil, slightly mixed with fine manure. Mix the seed with dry sand and 
sow carefully on top of the bed. Then with a common rake disturb the 
surface of the ground half an inch in depth. Sprinkle the bed every 
evening until sprouted; too much water will cause injury. After it is 
well sprouted, watering twice a week is sufficient. When about a month 
old weed carefully. They should be transplanted to loamy soil during 
the rainy season of winter or spring." 
Our own experience with Pyrethrum roseum as well as Pyrethrum 
cinerariccfolium in Washington, D. C, has been so far quite satisfactory. 
We haveobserved that the seed often lies a long time in the ground before 
germinating, and that it germinates best when not watered too heavily. 
We think that the too rapid absorption of moisture often causes the 
