194 REPORT 4, UNITED STATES ENTOMOLOGICAL COMMISSION. 
Another modification of the same principle appears in a nozzle claimed 
in an insecticide machine in patent Xo. 200761, July 11, 1882, by Mr. G. 
G. Lynch, of Illawara, La. fhe sprays from all these plug-roses are 
comparatively coarse and cannot be well adapted to poisoning on under- 
surfaces, while the pores are very liable to become stopped. 
Colliding jets. — The nozzle resembling a gas-jet (in Plate XV, Fig. 5), 
having two converging outlets by which the two streams emitted meet, as 
shown by the arrows, to form a fish-tailed spray, has been used. When 
great pressure is applied to the water forced through it, as by a force- 
pump or by Mr. Daughtrey's air-pump machine (Plate XXXVI), the two 
streams meet with such great dispersing force as to dash each other into 
a fine spray. The arrangement of the outlets at the closed end of a 
tube and their smallness in size and number as used in machines here- 
tofore, and as they must be to give small enough sprays for single rows 
in poisoning from beneath, subject them to clogging to an extent un- 
practical for this purpose. The stoppage of either hole destroys all the 
spraying power. For very large sprays in broadcast sprinkling the size 
of the outlets may be increased to a practical extent, and a number of 
such converging and interrupting streamlets may be produced from 
holes in the same plane or from the surface of a pipe or the face of a noz- 
zle which is concave or funnel-shaped. In rose-heads, with or without 
reversible faces, the holes can be cut in pairs of twos or in threes, such 
that their jets will collide, and a row of such pairs can be used on the 
side of a trailing pipe. 
For spraying upwards I have produced the twin jets from the side of 
a tube, near its end, and from a terminal chamber. The tube should 
open by a cap or plug for cleaning out, and in its best shape has a ter- 
minal recurrent or rotation chamber or passage as described elsewhere. 
A nozzle-end essentially the same as the perforated one used in gas- 
jets and combined in Mr. Daughtrey's machine, but without the internal 
cone, n 2 , which is more likely to assist clogging than prevent it, was pat- 
ented in 1878 (Xo. 202207) as an attachment upon the ends of hose- 
nozzles, by Mr. Adolph Weber, of Detroit, Mich. A nose-piece hav- 
ing this kind of discharge and also a parallel main bore for a solid jet, 
but combined with the end of a hose-pipe by a slide-plate base, so that 
either kind of jet may be adjustably set in use instead of the other, was 
secured to Mr. A. B. Prouty, of Worcester, Mass., in patent Xo. 22.3721 , 
March 23, 1880. 
On account of the holes being larger and fewer, with the dispersion 
principle to produce fineness, these are certainly among the best noz- 
zles of this class. 
"["-roses. — Broad sprays have been produced through tubular "f- 
shaped, many-punctured nozzles. This principle is used in the ordinary 
street-sprinklers, but similar long perforated cross pipes have been 
hauled above the cotton plants for sprinkling them. A good illustration 
of this is seen in the "Yeager Cotton Sprinkler" (Plate LI V, Fig. 7). 
