202 EEPORT 4, UNITED STATES ENTOMOLOGICAL COMMISSION. 
thimble shaped gas jet which discharges through a slit across its end is 
another early simple form of slot-nozzle used for spraying liquids. 
In 1874 Mr. J. H. Fowler, of Oakland, Gal., patented (No. 153672) a 
slotted thiui ble-nozzle with the end flattened and broadened somewhat 
to enable greater length of slot, and hence throw a larger volume of 
spray than the simpler thimble form, but the shape is such as to render 
it very liable to clog, and there is no easy way for cleaning it out. 
A slot-nozzle of this description, but having a crook so that its dis- 
charge is at a strong angle with its supply pipe, has been claimed, with 
some other pump-details, by Mr. W. W. Mallory, of Holland Patent, 
Oneida County, K Y., in patent No. 237193, February 1, 1831. 
Mr. Anthony Iske, of Lancaster, Pa., patented (No. 232131), in 1880, 
a nozzle, consisting of a slot in the side of a small box which is perfo- 
rated by a supply tube having an inlet hole from its side into the box. 
The bottom of this chamber has small leak-holes. The drip from these 
and the slot collects in a large cup beneath them and mounted on the 
same tube. This principle also looks like a poor one, but I have not 
had an opportunity for testing it, and hence cannot speak with cer- 
tainty. 
Plug slot-nozzles. — Mr. A. F. Allen, of Providence, R. L, pat- 
ented in 18G9 (No. 8945G) and in 1872 (No. 132G17), what may be called 
a plug slot- nozzle, the latter patent having added an internal gate- valve 
to shut off the discharge which would generally not be needed in spray- 
ing poison. The water is spread by a conical plug held so loosely in 
the discharge orifice that a sheet of liquid can issue all around it a»id 
break into a spray. The plug is attached by small rods to a nut which 
screws back and forth on the outside of the nozzle, by which the plug 
may be set tight enough to close the end or loose enough to let out 
a sheet of liquid of any thickness desired. With a different ping a 
solid jet alone or a solid jet and spray combined is made by the same 
nozzle. 
A slit-nozzle involving some of the principles in Mr. Allen's nozzle, 
some in Mr. Ruhmann's improved cone-deflector, and others in Mr. John- 
son's grooved plug-nozzle is called " The Niagara Lawn Sprinkler " and 
is being made at Sacramento, Gal.* The cone deflector serves as' an ad- 
justable loose plug, to change the quantity of water emitted around it. 
A rod through the axis of the nozzle barrel projects beyond the dis- 
charge, where it is cut with a spiral thread, on which the truncated per- 
forated cone can be screwed and placed at such distance as to regulate 
the size of spray desired. 
Mr. F. T. Pinter, of Schulenburg, Tex., patented (No. 233431) in 1880 
a nozzle having a semi-funnel-shaped discharge, and fitted into the same 
a semi-cone as a plug set farther in or out by a clamp screw. The 
curved narrow space between this ping and the concave wall is the out- 
*See Treatise on insects injurious to fruit, &c, of the State of California, by Matthew Cook, Sao- 
ramento, 1881. Figure and description on p. 40. 
