DEFLECTOR NOZZLES. 
2©7 
which are not thrown so far as the median part. For throwing poison 
solution upward, especially into trees, this may be preferable; but for 
throwing it horizontally broadcast, less direct distance and greater width 
with more perfect outer margins are needed. There are nozzles forour pur- 
poses that thin the middle of the spray by a median prominence of the 
plate, and there are others which do not thin the middle but contract 
the margins by turning up the sides of the plate ; but these two features 
should be combined in one and the same plate and should run together 
by a regular undulation. Such a plate may have various adjustments, 
many of which are shown in the patterns to be described. 
In some of the styles to be noticed it will be seen that it has been 
the aim to use with a solid jet pipe a deflector so adjusted that it may 
be set entirely out of the way of the jet, and, in some cases, to give a 
variable pitch to spray it strongly or slightly as desired. 
The following are some of the forms of deflectors used : Those in 
Plats XIX. Figa, 1, 2, and 3, I employed chiefly for spreading the large 
air-blast jets of powder-poison blown from pipes about 3 inches in 
diameter. The deflector plates, J?, shown in these ligures, stand at a vari- 
able angle of about 4~>° from a veitical and the end of the horizontal 
spout, rt, is cut at an inverse angle of 45°. 
Fig. o represents one consisting of the spout, «, and an angle-plate 
deflector, attached below, at x y and above by the rod, f. At / is an 
incision with the corners befit outward to divide the jet into two lateral 
fan shaped sprays, projecting them in nearly opposite directions into two 
rows from a single spout ending between them and near the ground. 
Another pat tern pi esented in Fig. 2 produces similar effects on the jet. 
Its median part,/, is bent up into a high fold which is closed at the lower 
end and soldered into slits, at cut above and below in the extremity 
of the spout, a. The upper pari of the fold,/, should be closed for a 
continuous spray, but to divide the one into two it may be opened some- 
what. The lower angles, v D, are curved to direct upward and thicken 
the outer margins of the spray. 
The latter feature is more strongly produced in the similarly con- 
structed nozzle appearing in Fig. 1 which condenses the sides of the 
spray still more and works equally well. 
In order to get an even lan shaped spray without ragged thin borders 
the contracting of the outer margins by bending the outer edges of the 
plate upward is as important as the thinning of the median portion of 
the spray by elevating the middle of the plate, and these two features 
appear in combination with each other in some of the deflectors below. 
There are three other patterns by which it is easy to make these of 
sheet metal. 
One of them is shown in Plate XX, Fig. 4. The plate, p, has its me- 
dian part elevated at/, while the lateral margins, are curved over. 
Id Fig. 3 the peculiarity consists in having the distal end of the plate, 
2>, not cut straight across but, with an angular piece cut out, fish-tail- 
