CENTRIFUGAL NOZZLES. 
211 
ing one, it is strong, nicely made, and throws a spray of fair quality. In 
recognition of the fact that sprinklers of this group cause some drip 
and waste thereby, Mr. Schier has combined with his nozzles a bowl- 
shaped funnel, beneath the plate, p, to catch the drip and return it 
through a tube, r, leading back to the reservoir. 
In this connection may be noticed a nozzle patented in 1881 (No. 
238430) by Mr. A. J. Polansky, of Fayetteville, Tex., and which seems 
to be only a simplification of that described above. It is represented 
in Plate XXIII, Fig. 3, where h indicates a nozzle-chamber which can be 
opened by the screw-cap, c, .above. There is a central inlet below from 
the spout,/, and outlets, ooo, exist at the side, the latter discharging jets 
somewhat downward to be deflected by the rim, k. In the Fig. 4, below, 
these parts are seen from above, c designating the cap and h the chain 
ber, which is partly surrounded by the detlector-rim. This at its junct- 
ure has semicircular holes, AAA-, through which the drip from the plate 
may descend into a pan, h. attached by the brace, /, and to the spout,/, 
lint ad joining the spout,/ is a small passage, x, from which the collected 
drip flows down the outer surface of the spout,/, to the reservoir. In 
other forma of this nozzle an air-chamber is substituted for the cap, c, 
to make the spray more constant. 
A nozzle having essentially the same form has been made by Mr. 
Schier and is shown in Plate XXIII, Fig. 2. a is the inlet spout, h the 
chamber, c its cap, serving as an air chamber, while ooo indicates the 
outlets and p the circular deflector-rim. This nozzle is specially in 
tended to screw on top of the upturned end of II pump-spout, it is 
strong and neatly constructed of brass. Mr. Schier has also produced 
a cheaper nozzle having a similar plan. A zinc can-screw cap forms 
the chamber, which has a tin inlet spout and deflector-rim. 
All these three-jet nozzles make broadcast sprays of fair quality, 
but throw too large a volume to be adaptable to poisoning from beneath, 
and the capacity of their outlets cannot be reduced sufficiently without 
becoming so small as to suffer from clogging. The only safe way to 
diminish the quantity of the spray in such nozzles is by reducing the 
number of outlets. 
CENTRIFUGAL NOZZLES. 
(Plates xxiv, xxv, and xxvi.) 
Centrifugal sprinklers expand the jet by giving it a rapid rotary mo- 
tion, which, by the centrifugal force generated, throws the fluid into a 
shower of particles. Several styles of nozzles come under this head- 
ing, as, 1, Eddy-chambered, 2, Fistular, and 3, Spray-icltceled. 
Among these, those of the first sub-group, the Eddy-jet nozzles, are 
the best. For broadcast sprays those shown in Plate XXV, Figs. 5 ami 
4, Plate XXVI, Fig. 1, and Plate XXIV, Fig. 1, are particularly recom- 
mended. For single-row spray -jets applied above or beneath the foli- 
