CENTRIFUGAL NOZZLES 
215 
beneath the plants. In all these the same letters indicate corresponding 
parts, and it should be noticed that in the last three the outlet is through 
the large end of the hollow, cup shaped plug, while it is beveled so 
deeply that the inner edge is sharp. If this edge is made to project a 
little into tin- chamber, it will be still more free from clogging. These 
jets will receive attention again further on as combinations in several 
machines. While they are the best for poisoning the under surfaces of 
t plants, there are some others which might be substituted for the same 
purpose and work well enough to be worthy of a notice in this connec- 
tion. 
Whistle-jets. — We have introduced another spraying principle in 
what we call icli istlc-jrts. examples of which will now be noticed. 
Plate XXIV, Fig. 7, shows an eddy chamber nozzle, with a peripheral 
discharge,*, from the chamber, c, which is closed by a removable lid, plug, 
or cap, and has a supply pipe, a X. The axis of the chamber is prefera- 
bly at a right angle with tin* axis of the sp out, <(. and the diameters of 
these two parts are ;^>out equal. But the tangential inlet-hole from the 
•pout through the wall of the chamber is smaller than the caliber of 
the spout and is situated close to that side which is marked x. The 
•pray is discharged at right angles to the spout, and .may be directed 
horizontally or vertically (upwards or downwards). The internal work- 
ing and manner in which the spray is generated can be better under- 
stood by reference to Plate XXIV. Kig. (I, which represents B plan sec- 
tion of a nozzle having the same internal arrangement, though with the 
diameter of the rotation cavity, r, much greater in comparison with that 
Of the spout, ". B disproportion advisable in very large nozzles of this 
kind. The arrows show the general course of the fluid or powder blast, 
ami it will be seen that the ingoing current is made to bend around 
to cut through itself to some extent in order to get out through the 
hole at 0. This internal colliding on the intercepting of the outgoing 
and ingoing parts of the current causes the two to cut each other up 
into a line spray, discharged at s. It is preferable to make the ewur- 
rent hole have its side toward ./• depressed lower than the opposite side. 
This intersection principle we have already seen as applied in slot- 
nozzles in the foregoing pages and in Plate XVI. The confliction of 
two streams outside of a nozzle we have already noticed in Plate XV, 
Fig. 5, and in descriptions. But one superiority of the present method 
over these is very evident. The discharge hole being single may have 
more than twice the capacity of either one of the pair of outlets in the 
others referred to, heuce there is less possibility of choking. Because 
of this and on account of one current stopping the other, half of the time 
with a rapid succession of intervals, the outlet can be twice .as large as 
if it threw a continuous jet, and larger still because the jet thrown is not 
a solid one, but already broken considerably before passing through the 
outlet. Thus, since only a fraction of the capacity of this hole is used by 
the volume of liquid thrown, the hole may be two or more times larger 
