218 REPORT 4, UNITED STATES ENTOMOLOGICAL COMMISSION. 
When the spout is similarly attached on the base, as in Plate XXIV, 
Fig. 5, the spray is directed off from the person holding it, which may 
be preferable for broadcast spraying. 
The nozzles so far described can be used independently or as nose- 
pieces on solid-jet hose-pipes or other spouts. In Plate XXV, Fig. 5, a 
represents a common solid-jet hose-pipe with an eddy-chamber screwed on 
as detachable nose-piece. In such cases it is well to have a nib on the side 
of the pipe, onto which to screw and carry the end piece when the solid 
jet is in use. The nose-piece with side discharge will generally be pre- 
ferred, since it can be also used for underspraying or as a fountain jet, 
as well as for broadcast work. For these reasons, also on account of its 
simplicity and freedom from choking, and because it makes with any 
given pressure a finer spray, it can be recommended as superior to all 
the other spray-combinations in solid jet nozzles. In case such an eddy- 
chamber nose-piece with direct discharge be desired for any purpose it 
is supplied in what I call the double-cone nozzle or double-chamber nozzle 
shown in Plate XXXIX, Fig. 2,/. Its internal construction is similar 
to what is shown in Plate XXVI, Fig. 2, and described below, but with- 
out the adjustability which is not needed in a nose-piece since the hose- 
pipe has a shut-off plug. Another point worth attention is that these 
nose-pieces can be used without a solid-jet nozzle by inserting the short 
inlet- tube in the end of a piece of hose and applying a simple wire wrap. 
Examples of other methods of combining rotary spray chambers with 
the solid-jet hose-pipes should be noticed. In Plato XXVI, Fig. 3, is a 
longitudinal section of a solid-jet pipe, a j, with a shut-off plug, b. The 
passage n through the ping stands now at right angles to the pipe and 
shuts off the solid jet, but it may be seen that the wall of the plug is cut 
away at % opposite one end of the hole, n, to form an excen trie inlet, /, from 
a to n and to the interior of the plug, which is a hollow tubular shell, 
from end to end. The lower end of the plug is closed and held by the 
screw-plug e, but the upper end has the eccentric tangential passage .r 
into the eddy -jet chamber, forming its head or thumb piece and serving 
as a spraying device. This chamber has the construction already de- 
scribed, with its spray, s, operating in the direction of the solid jet when 
the latter is closed. The water from the spout, a, enters tangentially 
through the passage, and rotating inside of the hollow plug, ascends 
through the tangential inlet, x. to rotate in the chamber, c, and discharges 
as a spray from the outlet, s. When a spray is not wanted the hollow 
plug of the eddy chamber is turned a little, so that the inlet, does not 
coincide with its mate, the shell -inlet. Another shift sometimes of ad- 
vantage is made thus: The solid plug, e, and the hollow plug, /', being of 
the same size, are interchangeable, so that the latter maybe used to throw 
from the base of the plug and at right angles to the pipe a spray for 
spraying the under surfaces of plants, or such that it can be set upward 
anywhere as a fountain. This gives a better spray than that from the 
