BARREL AND TANK PUMPS. 
281 
cylinder a, and this has an upward discharge spout, ee 1 dosed above 
at p. This and the standard, /, are joined to a flange, a, which is 
screwed to the tank cover. There are two pistons, pp, hinged oue 
to either arm of the pump-lever, which has its fulcium, z } upon the 
standard,/. Thereby are simultaneously and oppositely operated the 
two excurrent waived pistons In their respective cylinders. 
A pump after plan No. 2, having a single headed reduction piston, 
was patented by Mr. K. Ramsden, April 24, L860, in No. 28012, but no 
sample pump involving this principle hao yet come to my inspection. 
The displacement capacity of the upper half of the piston is one half 
that of the lower half, which works through a packing, fixed in a sep- 
tum dividing the pump into itpper and lower chambers communicat- 
ing by an upward valve. The construction is an odd one and may 
yet prove serviceable. 
The counterpart of the latter type is found in plan No. 3, in the 
reduction-cylinder pumps, which have on the same rod two piston- 
heads, the upper oue of half the capacity of the lower, while the upper 
part of the cylinder is only one half as large as its lower part. A 
large number of these are now patented and being manufactured for 
wells, yet few of suitable size and weight lor use in tanks or barrels 
have come to my notice. The patent on the reduction cylinder has ex- 
pired, while the recent improvements are in minor details. Among 
the pumps of this group available for insecticide apparatuses is one of 
simple construction and very durable as now made by Messrs. Knmsey 
& Co., of Seneca Falls, N. Y., under their catalogue name, u New Style 
Force-pump," and another which i^ really the same thing under a differ- 
ent name, viz: the "Improved 1><>hI>i< acting Suction <ni<i Force pump," as 
described in the sale catalogue of .Messrs. VY. & B. Douglas, Middle- 
town, Conn. These pumps of smallest size cost from $10 to $12. One 
of them is shown m Plate XLW Pig, ."». flic suction pipe, h\ is to be 
inserted through the head or cover of the barrel or tank, and its flange, 
/, can be screwed down firmly. An extension hose or stiff pipe may 
be used to prolong the suction tube to the base of the reservoir, where 
an ordinary suction strainer should be added. The upper or narrow 
half of the cylinder, c, is surrounded by a swollen bulb or air-chamber, 
a. From the base of this is formed the discharge* way, X having a 
goose-neck spout, y z. The hose may be coupled to the end, or in 
place of the neck, at //. Since the piston-rod has two bearings in its 
two heads, its joint, f, is essential. It will be seen that the whole is 
a very strong pump, also serviceable in cisterns or wells. Since the 
second or upper piston-head takes the place of a cap and packing the 
pump is in no way complicated, while the air-chamber, in addition to 
its double action, renders the discharge more constant. 
The following list mentions kinds of pumps which are essentially tho same as those 
just described, l>ut less compact in the arrangement of their parts, while they differ 
inta- be \n several details of little importance in this connection. Though mostly 
