CONDUITS, PORTAGE, ETC. 
285 
below. As compared with the Johnson machine with its pump motor 
discarded, these exhibit nothing new of much value. They differ es- 
pecially in the kinds of nozzles employed, but all use nozzles of old 
type. 
The machine of Mr. C. 0. Jones, of Ma.s.silJon. Ala., is represented in 
Plate LI I. In its arrangement we find one of W. & B. Douglas's 
force pumps fixed to a post at one corner of the reservoir. The pomp 
sucks the poisoned liquid from the bottom of a large square tank and 
delivers it through the main and cross pipe, which extends 25 feet wide 
and lias short tubular blanches bearing nozzles. that discharge the liquid, 
40 feet wide, from above and behind the tank. This receptacle is of large 
size, possessing a contents of 250 gallons. That amount of poison it ap- 
plies over five or six acres. The freight, of course, is too great for ) apid 
driving, and six mules are used in tlie field. It also engages much 
human labor, requiring lour men, one to drive, one to use a stirrer in 
the vat to keep the poison diffused, and two to take turns at pumping. 
The poisoning is accomplished at a great expenditure of labor, and the 
method is in no way economical. It is a good example of the old method 
of broadcast spraying, and shows well the possibility for the spray to 
blow upon the operators in machines of this type. The pump costs 
$22, and the rest of the apparatus costs about $.">(). It is cumbrous and 
not economic. The illustration given above is from a photograph. On 
this and some notes made by Mr. W. II. Patton, the above Statements 
are based. 
What is said of the two following machines is taken from Professor 
Riley's Bulletin on the Cotton Worm: 
u The JUnklej/ Atomizer, — This sprinkler, invented but not patented 
by Mr. .1. X. Binkley, of Columbus, Tex., and herew ith illustrated, is 
one of the simplest and yet one of the best in use. [Fig. « r > of Plate LIVJ 
represents it in operation with a pari of the pump. This pump is the 
usual double-acting force-pump secured to the top ot a barrel contain 
ing the liquid. The letter a represents the pump cylinder, b the air 
chamber, and c a transverse tin pipe connected with the discharge pipe 
of the pump and having four of the atomizing nozzles. [Fig. 1 of Plate 
XXII] shows a side view of the atomizer on a somen hat larger scale. A 
conical tin piece, <l, is soldered to the pipe c, having at its end an orifice 
much larger than the tine perforations of the previous machines de- 
scribed. A circular tin plate, c, is soldered to the k>wer side of the cone, 
so that the jet of water, issuing with great force from the orifice, 
strikes the plate at an obtuse angle and is scattered in very fine and 
far-reaching spray. The large orifice permits smaller objects to be 
thrown out with the jet, larger objects being prevented by a strainer 
from entering the pump, while by a slight bending of the distributing- 
plate, so as to bring it at more acute angles with the nozzle, the spray 
may be thrown more and more upward. The whole machine is very 
light and simple and easily made by any tinsmith at comparatively 
