308 REPORT 4, UNITED STATES ENTOMOLOGICAL COMMISSION", 
Joseph, Mo., is a pair of sifters for two rows and carried suspended by 
a bar across the shoulders. Each sifter is a powder-box with semi- 
cylindrical perforated base, in which a brush is rotated to grind the 
powder through. 
In Plate LVI1I, Fig. 7, is seen the neck-yoke above, from which two 
adjustable bars hang, with forks suspending the cylinders which are 
perforated beneath. An adjustable slide can be set to cover more or 
less of the perforated area to regulate the amount to be sifted, Eotary 
brushes inside the cylinders are turned around, or with reciprocating 
motion, to work the poison through the fine holes. This is probably the 
best way to prevent clogging or cause a sieve to sift regularly, and this 
same principle seems to have been adopted in Mr. J. S. Smith's machine 
described in what follows. 
Mr. J. W. Young, of Saint Joseph, Mo., has also devised a sieve-ma- 
chine for powdering six rows at each drive, consisting essentially of a 
trough-shaped hopper about 27 feet long and having a concave perfor- 
ated bottom, with a rotary stirrer operated therein. This is attached to 
a frame upon a pair of wheels whifch straddle a pair of rows. One of the 
draft wheels bears a band or chain wheel with a belt or chain diiving a 
pnlly opposite the same and fast upon the axis of the stirrer, which is 
provided with a large number of radiating paddle-shaped teeth. When 
these are rotated by the belt, their ends pass through the poison in the 
nopper, and close to its perforated base, causing the powder to sift 
through upon the vegetation over which it is hauled. "Not having seen 
the full-sized machine, but having examined a model and description of 
it, the impression produced is that the machine, if not made so long as 
to be too heavy, must be a good sifter for poisoning the upper surfaces 
ef plants. 
The following machine and the one preceding the last differ from 
the latter chiefly in the fact that bunches of brush-material are used in- 
stead of. stiff stirrers, and it remains for the future to decide by experi- 
ence which, if either, will prove best. The stiff stirrers promise to be 
the most durable, and my experience is that such usage of bristles 
causes them to become permanently flexed in one direction or too weak 
to give satisfaction. The plan of a stiff rotary stirrer is well calculated 
to cause the powder to sift out regularly. 
The J. S. Smith Sieve machine, patented in 1881 (No. 247124), works 
the poison out through perforations, in one side of a cylinder, by means 
of a spiral brush rotated therein. This device appears in Plate LVIII. 
In fig. 5 is shown his small hand-machine for poisoning a single row. 
One side of the cylinder is seen to be perforated with the powder sifting 
out therefrom. The opposite half of the cylinder is covered by a hori- 
zontal bopper carried with One hand and a loop over the shoulder, while 
it can be tipped at will enough to make a portion of the powder feed 
into the cylinder to be worked out therefrom by the spiral brush turned 
inside the same by means of the gear wheels and crank. 
