§4 ANN ( A I. Ki M'dK Ts ( Ji" I >j;r A K i .Mi :.\ T ( u' A< iiiK Ti/i i im:. ii»:;7 
CHKMK AL ANALYSIS OF MIS( KLLAN KOI S ( OMI'OLNDS TKSTKD AS INSECTICIDES 
Alxnit .'C)0 saniplcs <»f insect icidal iiintci iiils used by <»tht'r divisions of the 
IIurcMM wvrv analyzed as usual to insure tliat rln' tests were hein;; made with 
ettnipoinids of normal eonii)f)sit ion. This led to several investigations of 
analytical methods, such as a new method for determining wood phenols in tar 
oils, and the adaptation of the red color test for rolenone to a« iual analysis of 
samples received. In the latter ca.se it was found that the color test is fairly 
well corn'lated with the rotenone content of powdered roots and hence can 
serve as at least a rou^h melh<»d of approxunatictn. Ninety-five samples of 
lohacco w<'re analyzed f(U* the Auri< nli ural Adjustment Administration to guide 
them in the disposition of large stocks damaged hy water in lln' Hoods of last 
spring. A ."Special study (»f the weathering of codling moth hands, involving 
sami)les. was ma<le for the Division of Fruit Insect Invest i;:al ion.s. Five 
hundred and twenty-six samples of leaves from forest tre«'s sprayed from an 
autogiro with lead arsenate and calcium arsenate were .malyzed for the 
Division of Forest In.sect Investigations t(. guide them in n-gard to questions of 
distrihution and spread. An extended investigation of the process of soaking 
gladiolus corms in mercuric chloride solutions for the contrf>l of thrips was 
made in cooperation with the Division of Truck Crop and Garden Insect Investi- 
gations, and it was (k'monstrated that when lilie usually reconnnended pr<Mi'dure 
is used about one-half of the mercury chhu-ide is ab.sorlK'd by the corms. 
This shows that the usual practice of emi)loying the same s<»lution for more 
than one lot of corms may not kill all the insects, and that a dilTereiit pr<K'edu<-e 
must be developed. 
TRANSIT INSPECTION 
A heavier movement (tf nursery stock than has been experi»'iiced in recent 
years was reported by transit inspect<u's in the spring of 11>37 at several of 
the cities where such shipments are inspected while i)assing thr<)ugh the railway 
transfer points. Inspection was carried on at 18 of the more important railway 
centers of the United States through(mt the year, or at nursery-stock shipping 
seasons. The regular force of 10 full time insi)ectors was augmented by the 
assistance in the spring and fall of from IS to 2.1 men from «)ther projects of 
the Bureau, and from 12 to To Stare inspectors. Such action on the i)art of the 
States indicates considerable stinuilation of interest in recognition of the value 
of transit inspection in preventing tlu^ entry of jiests in shipnuMits fn»m the 
quarantined areas. During the year 1.2.10,000 packa.ge shipments and over 2.10.- 
0<K) carloads of nursery stock and other restricted materials were insinx-ted for 
compliance with certification requirements of Federal quarantines relating to 
interstate movement. In addition. .147,000 waybills were checked to determine 
whether tlie shipments carried materials the movement of which is restricted 
by these (piarantines. There were 2.(578 violations of such quaiantines inter- * 
(('l)ted. consigned to i)oints in every State in the Fnion. the District of Columbia, 
and Canada. Most of these shii)ments were returned to the consignors. During 
the year fX) live adult .Japanese beetles were found at midw(>stern points in the 
inspection of carloads of ])roduce from the h<>avily iiifest(Hl an^a. 
The rule of turning back shipments found to )>e moving in violation of Fedt'ral 
interstate plant (piarantines was modified in tin* spring of 1037 with resjKM't 
to quarantines relating to tlie .Japanese beetle and the gypsy moth and brown- 
t:iil moth, and a new insi>ection servi{'e was authorized. It li.as been found that 
the contents of certain types of shii)m<Mits. in<'hiding small homo jiackages free 
from soil, can be readily examined at the terujinals to determine whether tlioy 
are free from such iM'sts. Transit insjiectcM-s \v,\xo accordingly been pt^rsonally 
authorized to insfwct si)ecitie<l tyjK's of shipnuMits. wluMi pracf i<":ible, and. if 
found free from the ]M'st concerned, to afiix the re<piired certiti<-ate an<l allow 
the shipment to proceed. This servici'. it is believed, in no wjiy we:tkens the 
( ffect iveness of the restrictions established t<^ i>revetit the si)i-ead i»f pests. Th" 
consignors, usually jwrsons unaware of the regulations, are notiflcd of violation^ 
conuintted. and any reix'tition of f.-iilure to obtain tlic inspection before shipiung 
is met tty ttirnlnir back the second shipment. 
Incidental to the regular a<-tivities of cMiforcini; Feder.al dttmestic <piarantines. 
there were reporte<l to the enforcinir organizations other aop;n»Mit violations 
which came tn the afl«'nti«»n «<f transit insiM«ctors. im-ludinu 130 relalinir t<> intra- 
state qinirantines pertjiining to pests on ac<'ount of wliich Federal quar;intines 
have been <'^tabli<hed. several relating (o foreiirn i»lant (piarantines;. .3 reh-itinu' 
to the Insect I»esf Aei ; :i jjprox i lu.M t cly ,100 rel.-itinir to ]n's.f:il reirul.Ml ii»ns applying 
fo plai!t sbipni<'nt<. and m:iny apparetif iiifringeinenis of State nurseiy in<iM»< tion 
regjdat ions. 
