EXT()iM()L()(}Y AND PLANT QUARANTIXK 
33 
trunk sampling with tlio routine procedure of eliinbinji trees to obtain samples. 
The number of (lis(>ase(l trees found in the experimental wood lot was more than 
doubled by the use of the trunk-sampling method. This method has been em- 
ployed at the Guilford and Old Lyme infection centers and in the Tamarack 
swamp area, Connecticut. 
Clear-cutting operations, particularly in swamp areas, were facilitated by 
power-saw units. Foiu- such units were used in the removal of trees in Morris, 
Bergen, Essex, and Union Counties, N. J. Large trees ordinarily requiring 21/2 
to 8 days for removal by hand crews have been cut by power saw in from 6 
to 8 hours. 
CIVILIAN CONSERVATION CORPS COOPERATION 
Contributions to Dutch elm disease eradication work by the C. C. C. were 
materially reduced by the abandonment during the year of three of the six 
camps originally devoted to this work. One of the two camps in New York 
State was disbanded by April 10. The camp in Connecticut was ordered closed 
on May 24, and the camp at West Milford, Passaic County, N. J., was closed 
on June 80, leaving two camps in New Jersey and one in New York. C. C. C. 
enrollees participated in all phases of the work, under the supervision of 
experienced men trained and recommended by the Bureau. 
SOURCES OF FUNDS 
Funds allotted for Dutch elm disease eradication work included a regular 
departmental appropriation of $261,156 and W. P. A. allotments amounting to 
$4,258,875. The State appropriations for cooperative work amounted to $1(K),000 
in New York, $39,100 in New Jersey, and less than half of a $25,000 biennial 
appropriation in Connecticut. New Y'ork funds were available for the employ- 
ment of a small part of the scout force, for eradication by State crews or private 
contractors of all trees in the State confirmed as to infection, and for public- 
relations work n(".essary t(^ secure authority for removal of the trees. Federal 
assistance was necessary to augment the limited contact work that could be 
performed uiid(r available New Jersey and Connecticut funds. 
The work was again grc-atly assisted this year by the mutually helpful cooper- 
ation accord(Ml the lJureau by olhci;ils of the three States. 
INFORMATIONAL ACTIVITIES 
On July 29 representatives of tlie Paramount News Corporation made sound 
shots of power saws, scouts at work, an aiitogiro in operation, the Morristown, 
N. J., laboratories, and maps showing the distribution of the disease in the 
United States. A comprehensive exhibit was set up for the annual convention 
of the American Association of Economic Entomologists in Atlantic City in 
December. Several radio talks and newspaper and magazine articles wore 
prepared for release during the year. 
WHITE PINE BLISTER RUST CONTROL 
PROTECTIVE WORK CARRIED OUT ON 4,400,000 ACRES IN 1936 
The use of relief labor made it possible to continue vigorously during the 
year the program of white-pine blister rust control. Through the employment 
of some 14,000 men directly supervised by this Bureau during the summer of 
19.36 and approximately 6,000 assigned to the work from the C. C. C. camps and 
other sources, more extensive forest areas were protected from this fatal tree 
disease than in any previous year. 
Stands of the several economic species of white pine are permanently pro- 
tected from blister rust infection when the currant and gooseberry plants (com- 
monly called Rihcfi) are removed from among the trees, and for a protective zone 
of 900 feet on all sides of the stands, and when by occasional subsetiuent checking 
the area is maintained free from such plants throughout the life of the pines. 
During the field season of ]9'56, 4.404,066 acres were so i)r()tected, of which 
3,340,179 acres consisted of initial work, and 1,063,887 consisted of areas covered 
one or more times i)revionslv since 1918. This work inv()lv(Ml the destruction of 
203,217,239 Rihcs and required 1,075,621 man-days of labor. 
The details of these Ribcs eradication operations are given in table 11. 
24695—37 3 
