32 -NNM AL iM;iMnris oj- 1 »i:i'.\K r.MiiN'i- (IF ACKK Ti/rrin:. 1037 
greatly reduced infection. I>nriii^ 1!).".4 O.'M diseased trees were found on the 
island, evidencing; quite a concentration in that limited area. Infections found 
in llJ.'iT) nunilu'ri'd :V21. This year only r,«> cases could l>e f(»und. I'ronouncod 
reductions in infections were al.so noted in the Bronx and in sections in the 
lower part of Westcliester C'ounty, N. Y. ( 'onlirniations were al.so consideraldy 
reduced in many townships of Es.sex County, N. J., the county containing the 
lieaviest infection in the State. In Caldwell Township, for example, annual 
confirmations from IIKM to date were 177, 85)8, and 41. This is particularly 
encouraging since this township contains a greut number of elms that the 
disease might attack. 
An nniendnient. efTective Novenil»er \), lO.'ifi. to the regulations supplemental 
to Notice of (Quarantine No. 71 added to the regulated area the towns of Ridge- 
field and Wilson In Fairfield County, Comi.. where newly discovered inf^K-tions 
were found. In New Jersey all except "> townships and 4 boroughs in Hunter- 
don County, 1 townslii]) and 2 boroughs in Mercer County, all except 2 town- 
ships and 3 boroughs in Middlesex County. 2 townships and 17 boroughs in 
Monmouth County, all except 4 townships in Sussex County, and 3 townships 
and .*> boroughs in AVarren County were included in the regidated area. Added 
areas in New York State were three towjis in Oranije County and one in Suffolk 
County. 
ERADICATION AND SANITATION ACTIVITIES 
Laboratory culturing of samples collected by sanitation crews from felled 
trees showing wood discoloration continued to emphasize the importance of 
ridding the infected zone of dead and devitalized trees that might be infected 
without showing the usual wilting .symptoms and in addition are favored 
breeding places for the several species of bark beetles infesting the work area. 
In an attempt to speed up elm sanitation work by the quick removal of stand- 
ing dead and dying elms already tagged for destruction, recpiests were placed 
on August 20 with the W. P. A. for 2,GO0 additional workers. At the begin- 
ning of the year 300,407 such trees awaited removal. In addition 7r.S elms 
in which infection had been confirmed were awaiting destruction. 
Sanitation crews began work in the field under the fall program on October 
S, 1930, in New I'ork and Connecticut and on October 12 in New Jersey. 
W. P. A. quotas of men for the various fall activities in the respective States 
were approximately 380 in Connecticut, 3,000 in New Jersey, and l.r)(X> in 
New York. 
Thousands of devitalized elms in swamp areas, wliidi by their location are 
difficult and expensive to scout and to maintain in a healthy condition, suc- 
cumbed to a newly devised chemical treatment. The method was used in .sec- 
tions of the 10-mile barrier strip al)out the periphery of the major diseased 
zone. To date, 024,850 trees have been thus chemically treated. 
An extensive project for the removal of dead trees was undertaken in the 
vicinity of the first-record infection discovered at Cumberland, Md. Approxi- 
mately 14,000 dead trees were cut down in a 4-mile strip stretching on either 
side of the center of infection. Devitalized elms were carefully pruned in 
adjacent sections. No Dutch elm disease was found whou 00 specimens 
showing streaking of the wood were submitted to the laborat(»ry for culturing. 
although VcrticiJliiiDi infection was pres(Mit. 
Pruning of trees has been carried out in a few localities. In W(\stchester 
County, N. Y.. pruning extended 500 feet around isolated trees contiruKMl as 
t(' infection, and in Cleveland all elms within one-half mile of conlirmed trees 
were primed. 
During the y(>ar sanitation crews remoxcd 7.S()2 elms in which iiifeciiou had 
Ikk'U conlirmed and S.S7.3ir> dead and dying elms. In addition, clear cutting crews 
removed 7S0,0>.sri trees. At the cud ot^ the year thert* remained standing, ready 
for removal and eradication, 50(5 diseascMl tr(>es and :'..".7.0.'S dead and dying 
elms. 'I'he grand total of elms removed to dat<' in clear cutting, eradication, 
and sanitation activitit^s is 3,.324.r»1.'. 
IMPROVED METHODS OF S( OI TINC; AND Ktt.VDK ATION 
Autogiros wen> used extensively during the year with gr<'at success, parti*'- 
ularly along railroad righls-ot'-way over which imixuMed Imrl elm lo'jrs nad 
traveled to veneer mills and ov(>r rough terrain. Scouts bad liitie 4liHicully 
in locating the wilted lr<(»s from the prepared aerial niaps. 
An exi)erim<'nlal I runk-sampling iiroject in c<»oiH'rat ion with the Division of 
Forest Pathology of the Pureau of Plant industry ( (uup.ired the efliciency of 
