ENTOMOLOGY AND PI-ANT QUAItANTINE 
19 
states have been inspected, many of tlieni repeatedly, and it is believed that all 
infected areas have been located. Citrus canker was found in Aiij^ust 1986 
on 3 properties in Texas not heretofore known to be infected, and 2 in 
Louisiana in the fiscal year, as compared with 9 new cases in these States in 
1936 and 45 in 193"). These recent lindings were on old infection areas, with 
rlie exception of one which was located on an uninhabited island in a Louisiana 
marsh. This island was inaccessible by boat, and the canker would no doubt 
have existed indetinitely except for the autogiro survey which was conducted 
in the Louisiana-Texas area in the spring of 1936. Recurring inf(>ctions found 
in the Texas counties of Galveston, lirazoria, and Harris in the winter of 
1936-37 were promptly removed. These involved several hundred young seed- 
lings on properties from which diseased trees were eradicated during the 
past 2 years. No canker could be found on repeated inspections in the Beau- 
mont, Tex., areas where an old infection center was located in the winter of 
1935-36. No canker could be found in Texas south of the Galveston-Brazoria 
area. 
Owing to the existence of citrus canker in Alabama and Mississippi in 
former years, and because of a heavy growth of wild and abandoned Citrus 
trifoliata trees in these States, a thorough survey was made in Mississippi 
during the year, and is under way in Alabama and that part of w^estern 
Florida adjacent to the Alabama boi-der. No citrus canker has been found in 
any of these States as a result of this survey. 
The year's work has represented the inspection of 59,000 properties in 61 
coimties in 5 States. 
Millions of escaped Citrus trifoliata growing in dense .innglelike swamps 
and woodlands, or in abandoned nurseries, have been destroyed in the non- 
commercial areas of these five States, thus removing the medium through which 
citrus canker might eventually reach the commercial areas. Such eradication 
has been accomi)lished on a very large proportion of all citrus-growing pro- 
perties in the infected areas of Texas and Louisiana. Since the beginning of 
the projec t in August 1935 nearly 21,ii0'^,000 such trees luive been destroyed 
by relief labor, representing approximately 45 man-years of employment. 
INSECTS AFFECTING FOREST AND SHADE TREES 
ADVICE AND COOPERATION IN THE CONTROL OF FOREST INSECTS 
Federal and State agencies administering forest lands, and private timber 
owners, look to the Bureau for information on the status of forest-insect 
infestations and for advice regarding the need of control and the methods to 
be used. As in past years, much time and effort of the Division, of Forest 
Insect Investigations have been devoted to making surveys to locate and define 
areas where infestations occur, and preparing recommendations for control, 
including plans for work and estimates of the cost. These activities are of a 
service nature and are carried out in close cooperation with Federal organiza- 
tions administering timbered lands, such as the Forest Service, National Park 
Service, and Bureau of Indian Atfairs, and through them with the C. C. C. 
Similar cooperation also extended to State agencies and in some cases to 
private timber owners or associations. The land-managing units are responsible 
for administering and carrying out the control operations, although in most 
cases the, technical direction and leadership of the work are supplied by the 
Burean. 
Most of this work has been concerned with various tree-killing bark be<^tles 
and has been carried out in the forested areas of the West from the field labora- 
tories at Fort Collins, Colo., Coeur d'Alene. Idaho, Portland. Oreg., and Berkeley, 
Calif. In these cooperative activities more than 6,(XX).0()(^ acres of forest was 
examined last year for bark beetle infestation. In addition to numerous recom- 
mendations made verbally or by letter, 83 reports presenting data and recom- 
mendations as to the status jind need for control on forested areas were pre- 
pared and submitted to land-managing units. Fifty-one, or about two-thirds, 
of these reports were submitted to the Forest Service, 11 to the Park Service, 1 
to the Indian Service, and 20 to private owners or organizations. These special 
reports dealt with the status of insects and involved consideration of m wide 
variety of conditions, and not all of them recommended that control work be 
nndertaken. Following recommendations included in the reports, thv laud- 
managing units carrieil out recommended control work on approximately 750,000 
acres. 
