88 ANNUAL REPORTS OF DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE, 1 
pounds, and further studies <>i" these and new substances are being 
made. 
In addition to handling a tremendous volume of correspondence 
relating to the control of household and stored-produd pests, cooper- 
ation was extended to a number of commissaries of Federal establish- 
ments, such as the Procurement Division of the Treasury Department, 
and wholesale and retail grocers and confectioners, by giving them 
advice as to methods for ridding food commodities of Insect infesta- 
tion or protecting them from infestation, or by supervising the 
applicat ion of such methods. 
( Observations have been made on how some of the common packaged 
foods become infested. These studies indicate that when an in 
i'roe commodity is thoroughly sealed in a clean cardboard carton. 
especially of the cylindrical type, it remains five from inse 
indefinitely, provided the seal or package is unbroken. Fond- in 
rectangular cardboard cartons appear more likely to become inf< 
than those in cylindrical ones, owing to the difficulty of making an 
impervious seal. 
INSECT IDENTIFICATION 
A total of 60.117 identifications were made and. reported, in addi- 
tion to approximately 4,000 that were required in connection with the 
white-fringed beetle survey conducted in the Southern States. About 
70 percent of the determinations made were for the various research 
and regulatory units of this Bureau, including the Division of For- 
eign Plant Quarantines, and for other Federal organizations; about 
15 percent were for agencies of the various States and the insular 
possessions; and the remainder were for individuals in the United 
States and for foreign institutions and individuals. Other service 
activities of the Division included assistance to numerous outside 
investigators on problems involving insect taxonomy, nomenclature, 
morphology, species distribution, and host relations: also the arrange- 
ment of 134 loans of insect material, comprising approximately 13,000 
specimens selected from the reference collections by the specialists 
of the Division, and the review of 80 manuscripts for checking the 
accurac} r of scientific names. 
The extensive insect collections that are essential for the conduct 
of identification work have been maintained in £ood order and nu- 
merous subdivisions rearranged in accordance with recent revisions 
of the classification, thus facilitating the making of identifications in 
those groups. Numerous important additions, a total of more than 
70,000 specimen-, have been made to these collections during the 
year. 
On an average, the l ; 7 specialists of the Division could devote ap- 
proximately only 20 percent of their time to research, owing to the 
large volume of service demands. Nevertheless, 52 manuscripts were 
completed and submitted for publication. These consisted in part 
of snort paper- prepared to supply authentic names required for use 
in biological and control studies conducted elsewhere in the Bureau 
or by outside agencies, hut included also monographic papers, on 
some of winch work had been in progress \'^v several year-. Among 
the latter are comprehensive taxonomic treatments of the following: 
< 'hi, ot '> i ip8j ;i genus of t hrips ; Pan omorus, I he group containing the 
