90 ANNUAL REPORTS OE DEPARTMENT OF 
During the period from September L938 to April L989 a survey was 
made of the white-fringed beetle in Argentina, Uruguay, and south- 
ern Brazil. In the firsl two countries the beetle was found generally, 
though uot in sufficient abundance to cause injury to crops, but its 
range does Dot extend into the subtropical sections of southern Brazil. 
Damage by any species of Pantomorus (NaupacPus) is limited very 
Largely to relatively small patches in alfalfa fields, and the infesta- 
tions do not persist from year to year. An extended search was made 
for nai ural enemies bul no I race of these was found. 
PARASITES OF COTTON INSECTS 
The bulk of the pink bollworm parasite material imported from 
Japan and Cho-en during the spring of 1938 was held in storage 
until August, at which time 72,000 cocoons of Microbracon nigroru- 
fvm Cusnm. were forwarded to the Presidio. Tex., station of the 
Division of Cotton Insect Investigations. An additional quantity of 
21,481 cocoons was held at the receiving station and the adults were 
forwarded. A total emergence of 59,500 was secured from the 2 lots. 
PARASITES OF FOREST INSECTS 
Activities in the field of forest-insect parasites consisted of an ex- 
tended survey and study of the European spruce sawfly in northern 
Europe. The more extensive studies were made in Sweden. Finland, 
Lithuania. Latvia, and Estonia. The pest was found to be common, 
and abundant in restricted localities, throughout the range of spruce 
growth, this extending above the Arctic Circle in Sweden. Parasiti- 
zation was found to be higher than in central Europe, ranging from 
10 to 60 percent, the highest being in Estonia. This work is carried 
on in cooperation with the Canadian Department of Agriculture, 
which undertakes the large-scale collection and importation of ma- 
terial on the basis of information made available through the survey. 
From material imported in 1938 that Department shipped to the 
Bureau station a total of 12,968 adults of 2 species of Exenterus, as 
well as rearing stocks of Microplectron to State organizations, 
PARASITES OF FRUIT INSECTS 
Investigations in Japan and Chosen have been limited largely to 
a determination of the alternate hosts of the different parasite species 
attacking the oriental fruit moth which have been imported into the 
United States in past years. A number of the more important species 
have alternate hosts within which they pass the winter, ami this 
habit may explain the difficulty in securing their permanent estab- 
lishment in the United States. In February a shipment of L54 adults 
of Phaeogene8 ha&ussleri Uch. and approximately 17.000 host cocoons 
containing larvae previously exposed to this parasite in the insectary 
was forwarded. 
PARASITES of TRUCK CROP INSECTS 
Work upon lima bean pod borer parasites iii France was continued 
on a reduced scale. Shipments totalling L2,223 Phanerotoma I'hihl- 
frons (Nees), L,535 Microbracon pectoralis Wesm., 7.".'.' M. piger 
WV-iil. and 1,082 of two minor Species were made to California dnr- 
