MAGNOLIAS AND TULTP TREES ATTACKED. 37 
range, but we know of no case where this species has been killed by 
sapsuckers. One of the magnolias, however, seems to be more 
seriously affected. 
LIST OP MAGNOLIACE.E ATTACKED. 
Cucumber tree {Magnolia acuminata). — Trees of this species in 
the grounds of the Department of Agriculture are plentifully punc- 
tured by sapsuckers, but the work is inconspicuous in their rough 
bark. All cucumber trees observed in the upper part of Rockfish 
Valley, Va., bore sapsucker work, one having several large swollen 
partial girdles. The species is attacked in West Virginia also (H.). 
Mountain cucumber tree {Magnolia cordata). — Department of 
Agriculture grounds, District of Columbia. 
Bull bay {Magnolia grandiflora). — Many of the trees bordering a 
long avenue at the Santee Club, South Carolina, bear sapsucker work. 
Trees in the vicinity of Longbridge, La., are abundantly punctured, 
and two specimens in the grounds of the Department of Agriculture 
at Washington have been attacked, one so vigorously that it is dis- 
figured by numerous girdles. L. L. Wright, of Talladega, Ala., sent 
in a specimen of sapsucker work from a tree of this species which, he 
writes, is dying from the effects of whatever it is that is il honey- 
combing " the bark. From about 2 feet above the ground to the 
top of the tree it has been girdled at intervals of 15 to 24 inches, the 
holes varying from contact with each other to three-fourths of an inch 
apart. At about 8 feet above the ground a double girdle of holes has 
been made about an inch apart, and so deep as to remove the entire 
inner bark except for about 6 inches out of a circumference of nearly 
3 feet. (March 18, 1911.) 
Sweet bay {Magnolia virginiana). — Department of Agriculture 
grounds, District of Columbia; Church Island, N. C. 
Umbrella tree {Magnolia tripetala). — Illinois (F. 26401). 
Large-leaved umbrella tree ( Magnolia macro phylla) . — Depart- 
ment of Agriculture grounds, District of Columbia. 
East Asian magnolia {Magnolia yulan). — Department of Agri- 
culture grounds, District of Columbia. 
East Asian magnolia {Magnolia obovata). — Department of Agri- 
culture grounds, District of Columbia. 
East Asian magnolia {Magnolia Jiypoleuca). — Department of 
Agriculture grounds, District of Columbia. 
Tulip tree {Liriodendron tulipifera). — This species is a distinct 
favorite with sapsuckers. Everywhere about Washington are trees 
bearing abundant sapsucker work. The same is true in the vicinity 
of Winston-Salem, N. C, and the tree is vigorously attacked in the 
Rockfish Valley, Va., in West Virginia (Delslow, H. 6687; Pickens, 
H. 6487a), and in Illinois (F. 26403). 
