40 
WOODPECKERS IN RELATION TO TREES. 
LIST OP ROSACEA ATTACKED. 
[Vauquelinia c(tlifornica). — Arizona (A. A. 242). 
Mountain mahogany (Cercocarpus betuloides). — Arizona (A. A. 
and A. M. 203). 
Mountain mahogany (Cercocarpus traskix). — Santa Catalina 
[sland, Gal. (A. A. 205). 
Mountain mahogany {Cercocarpus brevifiorus). — Huachucha Moun- 
tains, Ariz. (A. M. 204). 
Mountain mahogany {Cercocarpus ledifolius) . — Eureka, CaL 
(A. A. 202). 
THE APPLE FAMILY (MALACEJE). 
This family contains trees of immense economic importance, as 
the pear, crab apple, and apple. Each of these is attacked by sap- 
suckers. Both kinds of apple trees are often killed and young or- 
chards are sometimes ruined. The apple family includes also valuable 
ornamental trees, which are often injured or killed, especially the 
mountain ash. The harm done to the trees of this family weiglis 
heavily in the case against the sapsuckers. 
Species of Malacese known to be attacked by sapsuckers. 
Genus. 
Number of 
native 
species. 
Native 
species 
attacked. 
Introduced 
species 
attacked. 
Mountain ash (Sorbus) 
Pear(Pyrus) 
Apple ( 3/a/its) 
Service berry (A melo itchier) . 
California holly ( Heteromcles) 
Hawthorn (Cratxgus) 
50+ 
63 + 
1.-. 
Our information as to the number of species of hawthorn attacked 
must be far less complete than that concerning other genera. Species 
of tliis genus have been described in recent years by the hundred. 
A conservative author now recognizes 50 arborescent species in the 
Northeastern States, and as the genus seems to be a favorite with the 
sapsucker, it is probable that many more than the 10 species here 
recorded are attacked. 
LIST OF MALACE^ ATTACKED. 
Mountain ash (Sorbus americana). — Bendire notes that the yel- 
low-beilied woodpecker is u partial to the . . . mountain ash." Mer- 
i iam says: "More than half the hark is sometimes removed from the 
girdled portions, and the balance dries up and comes off. Therefore 
it is not surprising that trees which have been extensively girdled 
generally die." Warren notes that "in one garden [in Racine, Wis.], 
