46 WooM'Ki KKRS IN RELATION TO TREES. 
as a resuH of the pecking. Specimens from Essex County, N. Y. 
I A. M. 1 10), and Illinois ( F. 20494) also show sapsucker work. 
Red icafle (Acwdrummcndi). — Cottonport, La. 
Sugab icafle (Acer saccharum) . — Bendire states that the sar> 
sucker "is partial to the . . . sugar maple," and Purdy calls it one 
of the bird's preferred food trees. Butler says: 
Choice maples arc seriously damaged. ... I have counted six of these birds at 
one time on a dozen sugar maples . . . and have seen the sap flow in a stream. 
John Brady, of Batavia, 111., testifies that the sapsucker hurts hard 
maple trees (Sept. 29, 1885), and M. S. Giles, of Waukegan, 111., 
reports that sapsuekers — 
destroy more shade trees— particularly hard maple and linden — than any one thing 
i hat I know of. I set out hard maples on my place over 32 years ago and I have only 
succeeded in saving them by persistently killing the sapsuekers for the past 6 or 7 
years for it was only as far back as that I woke to the damage that those birds were 
doing to the trees. Twenty years ago this place was noted for the number of hard 
maple shade trees it had; to-day I can show you in my own immediate neighborhood 
dozens of trees that are destroyed, or partially so, from the work of the "sapsucker" 
[May 2, 1909]. 
Specimens from Morgantown, W. Va. (H.); Louisville, Ky., and 
Illinois, and Iron County, Mo. (F. 26493 and 72158), also show sap- 
sucker work. 
Black maple (Acer nigrum). — Illinois (F. 26410). 
White-barked maple (Acer leucoderme) . — Boulden, Ga. (A. M. 
113). 
Mountain maple (Acer grandidentatum) .- — Garfield County, Utah 
(A.M. 112). 
Box elder (Acer negundo). — Butler County, Mo. (F. 72128); 
Fairfax County, Va. ; Longbridge, La. 
THE BUCKEYE FAMILY GeSCULACE2E). 
But one of the six native arborescent species is known to be 
molested by sapsuekers and that but slightly. 
Ohio buckeye (JEsculus glabra). — Indianapolis, Ind. (H. 2423a). 
THE BUCKTHORN FAMILY (RHAMNACE^E). 
Three of the 12 arborescent species of the United States are known 
to be attacked by sapsuekers. None are known to be injured severely, 
though the Indian cherry and the California lilac are undoubtedly 
disfigured. 
LIST OF RHAMNACE.E ATTACKED. 
Cw \i:a SACKBADA (Rha minis purshiana). — Seattle, Wash. (H. 
L74b). 
Indian < iikkky (R/tamnus caroliniana). — Florida (A. M. 94). 
California lilac (( ainothus thyrsiflorus). — California (A. M. 91). 
