POPLARS AND WTLLOWS ATTACKED. 27 
Gowex cypress (('upressus goveniana). — California (A. M., 430). 
Macxab cypress (Cupressus macnahiana). — Lake County, Cal. 
(A. M. 429). 
White cedar (Citamzeyparis thyoides). — Dismal Swamp. Va. 
November 21, 1901 (H.); Atsion, X. J. (A. M. 428). 
Desert juxiper (Juniperus utahensis). — Utah (A. A. and A. M. 
422). 
Western juxiper (Juniperus occielentalis) . — California (A. M. 420). 
Rock cedar (Juniperus mexicana). — Austin, Tex. (A. M. 418.) 
Xortherx red cedar (Juniperus virginiana) . — This species is 
commonly attacked by sapsuckers. Mr. J. M. Thompson states that 
it is one of the bird's principal food trees, and Mr. F. K. Steere says 
it is often badly hurt by the sapsucker (letter from Annapolis, Md., 
Aug. 24, 1885). Of 40 red cedar trees on a part of Plummers 
Island, Md., 19 are covered with closely set sapsucker punctures. 
Specimens from Florida (A. M. 417): Kanawha Station, W. Va. 
September 28, 1903 (H.); and Illinois (F. 26487) show abundant 
sapsucker work. 
Southerx red cedar (Juniperus barbadensis) . — Jacksonville, Fla. 
(A. M. 416). 
THE POPLARS AXD WILLOWS (SALICACE.£). 
There are 15 native species of poplar in the United States, 8 of 
which, besides 1 introduced tree, are known to be attacked by sap- 
suckers. The only instance of serious injury to poplars that has 
come to notice was communicated verbally by Prof. Cooke of the 
Biological Survey. He states that in northern Minnesota, where the 
yellow-bellied sapsucker is common in summer, it kills many large 
poplar trees in the forests. 
Willows are often seriously injured. Hopkins says the sapsucker 
injures or kills young trees, and specimens of small willows (PL V, 
fig. 5) collected by him in the Black Hills, S. Dak., September 3, 1901, 
show almost complete barking. Grinnell reports that sapsuckers 
kill many white willows (Saliv lasiolepis). Fifteen of the 26 native 
arborescent willows are known to be attacked. 
The injury to willows and poplars by sapsuckers is unfortunate, 
since these trees are valuable for shade, for ornament, and forprotect- 
ing the banks of water courses. 
LIST OF SALICACE.E ATTACKED. 
Silver poplar (Populus alba). — Washington, D. C, April 26, 1903 
(H.); Albany. X. Y., Hough: Racine, Wis., Hoy, 1865. 
Savamp poplar (Populus lieteroprtylla) . — Louisiana or Alabama 
(A. A. and A. M. 378). 
