the posterior half. Its sides extend a little below the front coxae, 
and its anterior margin is concave. 
The tegmina or fore wings are leathery and heavily veined and 
extend Avell beyond the middle of the abdomen. The venation of the 
tegmina differs with the sex, but there is no variation in the tegmina 
of an individual. In the male the vein which forms part of the 
musical apparatus, and which is located on the basal third of the 
tegmen, makes a distinct angle of about 100 degrees with the prin- 
cipal longitudinal veins. In the female the prominent veins are 
generally longitudinal, and there is no conspicuous cross vein. The 
second pair of wings is more ample and delicate than the tegmina, 
and more finely veined. The wings fold in plaits and their apical 
end is rolled, the tips extending beyond the tip of the abdomen but 
usually not reaching the ends of the anal cerci. The pleurae and 
dorsum of the last thoracic segment are provided beneath the wings 
with long, fine, ruddy hairs. 
The greatest specialization for subterranean life is seen in the 
fore legs. (See PI. II, figs. A, B, C.) Their structure is strong and 
powerful. The coxae and femora are thick and muscular and the 
finger-like dactyls are strongly chitinized. The trochanter is a 
chitinous blade which serves as a support and runner for the entire 
leg. The tarsal dactyls are just above and outside of the tibial 
dactyls, and the paired blades of these structures passing just out 
of plane from very sharp and powerful scissors. 1 
The tympanum of the auditory apparatus is located on the upper 
surface of the basal part of the tibia. Instead of being concealed 
in a protecting cleft or fold of the chitin, as is the case in a closely 
allied genus, Gryllotalpa, it is only partially protected by a chitinous 
fold and may be easily seen as an oval white membrane stretched 
over the auditory chamber. 
The mesothoracic legs show no particular specialization. The hind 
legs have the femora well muscled for leaping, and the tibiae are 
spined to assist, no doubt, in landing after leaping or flight. The 
terminal tarsal joint of the hind leg is high and vertically flattened. 
ABDOMEN AND APPENDAGES. 
The abdomen is provided on the dorsal and ventral surfaces with 
ruddy pubescence, and the first six abdominal terga have long ruddy 
hairs (similar to those found on the meta thorax) diminishing in 
length on each succeeding segment. On the lateral abdominal plates 
there are eight spiracles, seven of which are easily seen, while the 
first is concealed under the tegmina. The anal cerci arise dorsally 
from the tenth abdominal segment and are about one- fourth the body 
1 A fuller description of the fore leg is given by Scudder (41, p. 12). 
